Exploring Normative Ethics Concepts

Which of the following best describes consequentialism?

• The belief that actions are right or wrong based on whether they follow a set of rules.

• The belief that the morality of an action depends solely on its outcomes or consequences.

• The belief that moral truths are relative to cultural or individual perspectives.

• The belief that virtues and character are the basis of morality.

Which philosopher is most closely associated with deontological ethics?

• John Stuart Mill

• Aristotle

• Immanuel Kant

• David Hume

Virtue ethics primarily focuses on:

• The consequences of actions

• The character and virtues of the moral agent

• Universal moral laws

• The greatest happiness for the greatest number

Which of the following is an example of moral absolutism?

• Lying is always wrong, regardless of the situation.

• Lying is acceptable if it leads to good consequences.

• Lying is wrong in some cultures but not in others.

• Lying is wrong if it harms your own interests.

Moral relativism holds that:

• There are universal moral truths that apply to everyone.

• Morality is determined by the consequences of actions.

• Moral standards are not absolute and can vary between cultures or individuals.

• The right action is the one that maximises personal benefit.

Which ethical theory is most likely to support the statement: "An action is right if it promotes the greatest happiness for the greatest number"?

• Deontology

• Virtue Ethics

• Consequentialism

• Moral Absolutism

According to Kantian deontology, which of the following is most important in determining whether an action is moral?

• The agent's intentions and adherence to duty

• The action's consequences

• The agent's happiness

• The action's popularity

Which of the following best illustrates ethical egoism?

• Donating to charity because it benefits society

• Helping others only when it serves your own interests

• Following rules regardless of personal gain

• Acting according to what is considered virtuous in your community

Which of the following is NOT a key feature of virtue ethics?

• Emphasis on moral character

• Focus on developing good habits

• Judging actions solely by their outcomes

• Importance of practical wisdom

Which of the following statements would a moral relativist most likely agree with?

• Stealing is always wrong, no matter the circumstances.

• Stealing may be acceptable in some cultures but not in others.

• Stealing is wrong because it leads to bad consequences.

• Stealing is wrong if it violates a universal law.