Unit 3 - Atomic Structure

Who first proposed that matter is made of indivisible particles called 'atomos'?

• Democritus
• Aristotle
• Dalton
• Thomson

Answer explanation

Democritus coined 'atomos' meaning indivisible

Which philosopher believed that matter was continuous and not made of atoms?

• Bohr
• Dalton
• Aristotle
• Rutherford

Answer explanation

Aristotle rejected atomism in favor of continuous matter

Which of Dalton’s atomic theory ideas are now considered incorrect?

• Atoms are indivisible
• Atoms of the same element are identical
• Atoms combine in whole number ratios
• Atoms are rearranged in reactions

Answer explanation

Atoms can be divided (subatomic particles), and isotopes exist

Dalton’s theory explained which of the following laws?

• Law of Conservation of Mass
• Law of Definite Proportions
• Law of Multiple Proportions
• Newton’s Law of Motion

Answer explanation

Dalton’s theory supported 3 foundational chemical laws

What is the major contribution of John Dalton to atomic theory?

Answer explanation

Dalton proposed matter is made of atoms with specific rules

According to the Law of Definite Proportions, water always contains:

• 3 hydrogen and 2 oxygen atoms
• 2 hydrogen and 2 oxygen atoms
• 2 hydrogen and 1 oxygen atom
• equal numbers of H and O atoms

Answer explanation

Water = H₂O → 2 hydrogen : 1 oxygen always

The Law of Multiple Proportions was demonstrated using which pair of compounds?

• CO and CO₂
• H₂ and O₂
• NaCl and KCl
• H₂O and H₂

Answer explanation

CO and CO₂ show small whole-number mass ratio differences

What did Democritus believe about atoms?

• They could be divided infinitely
• They had internal structure
• They were indivisible and eternal
• They were made of earth and fire

Answer explanation

Democritus said atoms were indivisible and made up all matter

Who revived atomism in the 1800s with a scientific model?

Answer explanation

Dalton provided atomic theory based on laws and data

Which biblical principle supports the order and consistency seen in atomic laws?

• 1 Corinthians 14:33 – God is not a God of disorder
• Genesis 6 – The Flood
• Psalm 23 – The Lord is my Shepherd
• Luke 2 – Jesus’ Birth

Answer explanation

God’s orderly creation aligns with consistent chemical behavior