Piaget, Kohlberg, and Vygotsky: constructs and critical perspect

According to Piaget, at what stage do children develop the ability to think logically about concrete events?

• Preoperational

• Sensorimotor

• Concrete Operational

• Formal Operational

The concept of object permanence is developed during which of Piaget’s stages?

• Preoperational

• Sensorimotor

• Concrete Operational

• Formal Operational

Which of the following is a characteristic of Piaget’s preoperational stage?

• Hypothetical thinking

• Conservation

• Egocentrism

• Abstract logic

Which of the following did Vygotsky emphasize most in his theory of learning?

• Maturation

• Language and social interaction

• Individual exploration

• Conditioning

Zone of Proximal Development refers to:

• The skills a learner already knows

• The difference between actual and potential development

• The level at which a learner stops learning

• A zone where learners perform best alone

Vygotsky believed that learning:

• Occurs after development

• Follows strict stages

• Is socially mediated and precedes development

• Occurs without interaction

According to Kohlberg, at the pre-conventional level, moral reasoning is based on:

• Laws and order

• Individual rights

• Avoiding punishment or personal gain

• Universal ethical principles

In Piaget’s theory, assimilation refers to:

• Adjusting schemas for new information

• Ignoring new information

• Fitting new experiences into existing schemas

• Rejecting existing schemas

Scaffolding is a concept that relates to:

• Piaget’s stages

• Vygotsky’s guided support

• Kohlberg’s moral dilemmas

• Skinner’s reinforcement

A teacher gives moral dilemmas to students for discussion. This approach is influenced by:

• Piaget

• Vygotsky

• Skinner

• Kohlberg