Exploring Crude Oil and Distillation

Which of the following best describes crude oil?

• A pure substance made of only one compound

• A mixture of many different hydrocarbons

• A solution of water and salt

• A single element found underground

What is the main purpose of fractional distillation in the oil industry?

• To burn crude oil for energy

• To separate crude oil into useful fractions based on their boiling points

• To mix crude oil with water

• To freeze crude oil

Which of the following is NOT a product obtained from the fractional distillation of crude oil?

• Petrol (gasoline)

• Diesel

• Kerosene

• Pure oxygen

What is the main component of natural gas, which is often found with crude oil?

• Methane

• Ethanol

• Propane

• Butane

During fractional distillation, which fraction is collected at the top of the fractionating column?

• Bitumen

• Diesel

• Petrol (gasoline)

• Heavy fuel oil

Which of the following is a correct reason why different fractions are separated in fractional distillation?

• They have different colours

• They have different boiling points

• They have different densities only

• They have different tastes

Which of these is a use of bitumen, a fraction from crude oil?

• Fuel for cars

• Road surfacing (tarmac)

• Cooking gas

• Jet fuel

What is the main separation technique used in the laboratory to separate a mixture of liquids with different boiling points?

• Filtration

• Chromatography

• Distillation

• Crystallisation

Which of the following statements about hydrocarbons in crude oil is correct?

• All hydrocarbons in crude oil are alkenes

• Hydrocarbons in crude oil can be both alkanes and alkenes

• Hydrocarbons in crude oil are only aromatic compounds

• Hydrocarbons in crude oil are only alcohols

Which fraction from crude oil is most likely to be used as fuel for aeroplanes?

• Kerosene

• Bitumen

• Lubricating oil

• Diesel