GCSE Geography Changing UK Landscapes Keywords

Saltation

• A process where sediment is transported by being bounced along a river bed or sea floor.

• A method of sediment transport involving the continuous flow of water.

• A technique used to measure the depth of a river.

• A type of erosion caused by wind action.

Beach

• A sloping area of sand or pebbles between the low and high water marks.

• A flat area of grassland often used for sports.

• A rocky cliff that overlooks the ocean.

• A deep area of water where boats can dock.

Evaporation

• The process of changing liquid water to gaseous water (water vapour).

• The process of changing solid water (ice) to liquid water.

• The process of changing gaseous water to liquid water.

• The process of changing liquid water to solid water (ice).

Estuary

• The mouth of a river which broadens into the sea and is affected by tides.

• A freshwater lake that is isolated from the ocean.

• A narrow inlet of the sea between cliffs or steep slopes.

• A large body of saltwater that is partially enclosed by land.

Agriculture

• The practice of arable (crops) and pastoral (animals) farming.

• The process of manufacturing goods in factories.

• The study of animal behavior and habitats.

• The cultivation of plants for decorative purposes.

Gorge

• A steep, narrow valley with rocky sides.

• A wide, flat plain with few trees.

• A deep, circular hole in the ground.

• A large body of water surrounded by land.

Discharge

• The volume of water flowing in a river, measured in cubic metres per second (cumecs).

• The total amount of rainfall in a given area over a specific period.

• The speed at which water flows over a waterfall.

• The amount of sediment carried by a river.

Groundwater

• Water stored underground in rocks and soil.

• Water that flows on the surface of the earth.

• Water vapor present in the atmosphere.

• Water found in rivers and lakes.

Groundwater flow

• Water flowing rapidly through the atmosphere.

• Water flowing slowly through rocks towards a river channel.

• Water evaporating from the surface of the earth.

• Water being absorbed by plants from the soil.

Afforestation

• The planting of trees where there were none before, or they had been cut down.

• The process of cutting down trees to clear land for agriculture.

• The natural regeneration of forests after a fire or logging.

• The practice of planting trees in urban areas to improve air quality.