C++ Programming Challenge

What is the correct syntax to include a header file in C++?

• #include

• #include 'header_file'

• import

• #include {header_file}

Explain the difference between 'struct' and 'class' in C++.

• In C++, 'class' members are public by default, while 'struct' members are private by default.

• In C++, 'struct' members are public by default, while 'class' members are private by default.

• Both 'struct' and 'class' have the same default access level in C++.

• 'struct' cannot have member functions, while 'class' can.

What is a pointer in C++ and how is it used?

• A pointer in C++ is a type of function that returns a value.

• A pointer in C++ is a variable that holds the address of another variable, enabling direct memory access and manipulation.

• A pointer in C++ is a variable that stores a string.

• A pointer in C++ is a special kind of loop used for iteration.

Define a constructor in C++. How is it different from a normal function?

• A constructor can be called multiple times and has no specific name.

• A constructor does not initialize an object and can return a value.

• A constructor is a type of variable that holds data for the class.

• A constructor initializes an object and has the same name as the class, while a normal function can be called independently and has a return type.

What is the purpose of the 'virtual' keyword in C++?

• To create a new data type in C++.

• To manage memory allocation in C++.

• To declare a variable as a constant.

• To enable polymorphism by allowing methods to be overridden in derived classes.

How do you handle exceptions in C++?

• Handle errors by ignoring them completely.

• Use try, catch, and throw keywords to handle exceptions in C++.

• Use only if statements to manage errors.

• Exceptions are not supported in C++.

What is the difference between 'new' and 'malloc' in C++?

• 'new' is used for arrays only, while 'malloc' is for single objects

• 'malloc' initializes the object while 'new' does not

• 'new' allocates memory while 'malloc' does not

• The main difference is that 'new' initializes the object, while 'malloc' does not.

Explain the concept of inheritance in C++.

• Inheritance is a method to combine two unrelated classes.

• Inheritance in C++ allows a derived class to inherit attributes and methods from a base class, promoting code reusability and establishing a class hierarchy.

• Inheritance in C++ is used to delete classes from memory.

• Inheritance allows a class to create multiple base classes.

What is a template in C++? Give an example.

• Example of a function template: template T add(T a, T b) { return a + b; }

• template T multiply(T a, T b) { return a * b; }

• template T subtract(T a, T b) { return a - b; }

• template void print(T value) { std::cout << value; }

What is the Standard Template Library (STL) in C++?

• A set of debugging tools for C++ programs

• The Standard Template Library (STL) is a collection of template classes and functions in C++ that provides data structures and algorithms.

• A collection of graphics rendering functions

• A library for managing memory in C++