Psychodynamic Approach Assumptions

The psychodynamic approach assumes that much of our behavior is influenced by the unconscious mind. Which of the following best illustrates this assumption using examples from psychology?

• Repressed childhood memories affecting adult behavior

• Conscious decision-making in daily life

• Learning through observation and imitation

• Genetic inheritance of traits

The psychodynamic approach assumes a 'Tripartite personality'. Using examples from psychology, which of the following best describes this concept?

• The personality is divided into the id, ego, and superego, each with distinct roles.

• The personality is shaped only by conscious thoughts and behaviors.

• The personality is determined solely by genetic inheritance.

• The personality is made up of two parts: the conscious and unconscious mind.

The psychodynamic approach can be evaluated in terms of its focus on unconscious processes, early childhood experiences, and the influence of internal conflicts. Which of the following best summarizes the evaluation of the psychodynamic approach?

• It emphasizes unconscious processes and early experiences but lacks scientific rigor.

• It is entirely based on observable behavior and experiments.

• It ignores the role of childhood in personality development.

• It is universally accepted as the most scientific approach.

A relationship is formed, using one assumption from the behaviourist approach.

• Through learned associations and reinforcement.

• By innate biological drives only.

• Through unconscious motives and desires.

• By cognitive restructuring alone.

Watson and Rayner’s (1920) research ‘Conditioned Emotional Reactions’ demonstrated that:

• emotional responses can be conditioned in humans through association

• emotional reactions are only inherited and not learned

• conditioning has no effect on emotional responses in children

• emotional responses are fixed and cannot be changed

A psychologist from the biological approach would view drug therapy or psychosurgery as appropriate therapies because:

• they believe mental disorders have a physical or biological cause.

• they focus on unconscious conflicts.

• they emphasize learned behaviors.

• they prioritize cognitive restructuring.

Drug therapy OR psychosurgery can be critically evaluated based on which of the following criteria?

• Effectiveness, side effects, ethical considerations, and long-term outcomes

• Color, taste, and packaging

• Popularity among celebrities

• Ease of administration only

One assumption of the positive approach in psychology is that:

• People want to lead fulfilling and meaningful lives.

• People are primarily driven by unconscious desires.

• Behavior is shaped only by environmental factors.

• Mental illness is the main focus of psychology.

One similarity between the positive and cognitive approaches is:

• Both focus on understanding human thought processes.

• Both emphasize only negative behaviors.

• Both reject scientific methods.

• Both are based solely on animal studies.

The main components of cognitive behavioural therapy include which of the following?

• Identifying and challenging negative thought patterns

• Focusing solely on past experiences

• Using only medication for treatment

• Ignoring the role of thoughts in behaviour