Genetics and Neurodevelopmental Disorders Quiz

What is the fundamental molecule of heredity found in the nucleus of human cells?

• RNA

• DNA

• Chromosome

• Protein

How many pairs of chromosomes do humans typically have?

• 22

• 23

• 24

• 25

Which nitrogenous base pairs with Adenine (A) in DNA?

• Cytosine (C)

• Uracil (U)

• Thymine (T)

• Guanine (G)

What is the process called by which the information in a gene is used to create a protein?

• Replication

• Gene expression

• Translation

• Transcription

Which of the following is a common epigenetic mechanism that can block gene transcription?

• Non-coding RNAs

• DNA Methylation

• Gene Activation

• Histone Modification

What is the heritability estimate for Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) according to twin studies?

• 70%

• 80%

• 60%

• 50%

In twin studies, what does a higher concordance rate in monozygotic twins compared to dizygotic twins suggest?

• No influence

• Random chance

• Genetic influence

• Environmental influence

Which neurodevelopmental disorder is characterized by impairments in social interaction and communication?

• Schizophrenia

• Down Syndrome

• Autism Spectrum Disorder

• Bipolar Disorder

What type of genetic study compares traits in adopted children with their biological and adoptive parents?

• Adoption Studies

• Twin Studies

• Longitudinal Studies

• Family Studies

Which environmental factor is known to increase the risk of developing schizophrenia in genetically predisposed individuals?

• Secure attachment

• Physical activity

• Cannabis use during adolescence

• Dietary changes