CRB RESIT

What is the main purpose of glycogenesis?

• To break down glycogen into glucose

• To produce ATP from glucose

• To convert glucose into glycogen for storage

• To release glucose into the bloodstream

• To transport glucose to mitochondria

Which enzyme initiates glycogen formation by acting as a primer?

• Glycogen phosphorylase

• Glycogenin

• Glucokinase

• Hexokinase

• Phosphofructokinase

What is the role of glycogen synthase?

• It initiates the glycolytic pathway

• It removes glucose from glycogen

• It adds glucose units via α(1→4) bonds

• It creates α(1→6) branches

• It hydrolyzes UDP

Which type of bond is formed during the branching of glycogen?

• α(1→1)

• β(1→4)

• α(1→4)

• α(1→6)

• β(1→6)

What is the first product when glycogen is broken down by glycogen phosphorylase?

• Glucose

• Fructose

• Glucose-6-phosphate

• Glucose-1-phosphate

• UDP-glucose

Which hormone activates liver glycogenolysis during fasting?

• Insulin

• Cortisol

• Glucagon

• Adrenaline

• Thyroxine

What is the energy yield difference between anaerobic and aerobic glucose breakdown?

• 2 ATP vs 4 ATP

• 2 ATP vs 15 ATP

• 2 ATP vs 30 ATP

• 4 ATP vs 28 ATP

• 5 ATP vs 25 ATP

What is the main function of the branching enzyme in glycogenesis?

• Breaks down glycogen into glucose

• Transfers glucose units to form α(1→6) linkages

• Activates glycogen phosphorylase

• Converts UDP-glucose into G6P

• Removes phosphate groups from G6P

How does endurance training affect carbohydrate metabolism?

• Increases glycogenolysis

• Decreases glycolysis

• Increases mitochondrial content and carbohydrate sparing

• Enhances anaerobic ATP production

• Suppresses fat metabolism

What occurs to carbohydrate use as exercise intensity increases?

• Fat becomes the primary fuel

• Ketone use increases

• Protein catabolism dominates

• Carbohydrate dependence increases

• Glycogen stores remain unchanged