LPD Resit

What is the role of acetyl-CoA in lipid metabolism?

• It breaks down glucose into amino acids

• It transports lipids in the bloodstream

• It links carbohydrate metabolism to lipid synthesis

• It is the primary component of chylomicrons

• It enhances bile acid excretion

Which component is responsible for transporting dietary lipids from the intestine to adipose tissue?

• Low-density lipoproteins

• Chylomicrons

• Acetyl-CoA

• Ketone bodies

• It is stored in the pancreas

What happens to triglycerides after being absorbed by the intestinal mucosa?

• Broken into glucose and stored in the liver

• Sent to the kidney

• Resynthesized and transported to liver or adipose tissue

• Degraded by bile acids and excreted

• It stimulates vitamin absorption

What triggers the rise of ketone bodies during fasting?

• High insulin levels

• Liver glycogen synthesis

• Depletion of liver glycogen and increased fat oxidation

• Protein synthesis in the liver

• It triggers muscle contraction

Which enzyme system is responsible for the final step in fatty acid synthesis?

• ATP synthase

• Thioesterase

• Hexokinase

• Lipase

• It binds directly to tRNA

Which of the following reflects an early fasting response (4-6 hours)?

• Autophagy increase

• Fat oxidation spike

• Initial blood glucose drop

• Ketone spike

• It activates hemoglobin production

What would happen in the liver when there is excess glucose available?

• Increased gluconeogenesis

• Increased ketone body production

• Increased fatty acid synthesis

• Increased muscle protein degradation

• It increases DNA synthesis

Which molecule donates electrons during fatty acid synthesis?

• FADH₂

• NAD⁺

• NADPH

• ATP

• It alters mitochondrial shape

Which time point in the fasting state marks the beginning of significant ketone production?

• After 2 hours

• After 12-14 hours

• After 3 days

• After 10 days

• It inhibits RNA polymerase

Which substrate can be used to generate gluconeogenesis during extended fasting?

• Triglycerides

• Acetoacetate

• Amino acids from skeletal muscle

• Cholesterol

• It regulates enzyme phosphorylation