Biology Unit 3 Section 4 Quiz

How much of the sun's energy that enters Earth's atmosphere is used by producers?

• About 1%

• About 10%

• About 23%

• About 48%

What happens to matter as it cycles through the Earth system?

• It is destroyed

• It remains unchanged

• It changes form

• It disappears

Which of the following is NOT one of Earth's spheres mentioned in the text?

• Atmosphere

• Geosphere

• Hydrosphere

• Lithosphere

Which process in the hydrologic cycle involves water vapor cooling and forming clouds?

• Evaporation

• Condensation

• Precipitation

• Transpiration

What causes water to evaporate from reservoirs in the hydrologic cycle?

• Wind

• Gravity

• Heat from the sun

• Earth's rotation

What is a biogeochemical cycle?

• A cycle involving the movement of water through the Earth

• A cycle involving the movement of chemicals through the biotic and abiotic components of an ecosystem

• A cycle involving the movement of energy from the sun

• A cycle involving the movement of organisms across ecosystems

How does carbon enter the aquatic biotic cycle?

• Through the combustion of fossil fuels.

• By the burial of organic matter.

• When algae and phytoplankton convert it during photosynthesis.

• Through the extraction of sedimentary rock.

What happens to carbon in organic matter under certain conditions over millions of years?

• It becomes atmospheric CO₂.

• It is converted into dissolved CO₂.

• It becomes fossil fuel.

• It is released back into the atmosphere immediately.

What is a significant characteristic of sedimentary rock in the carbon cycle?

• It releases carbon quickly into the atmosphere.

• It forms extremely large carbon reservoirs over millions of years.

• It is a primary source of atmospheric CO₂.

• It is the fastest process in the carbon cycle.

What is the role of denitrifying bacteria in the nitrogen cycle?

• Convert ammonia into nitrite

• Release nitrogen gas back into the atmosphere

• Fix nitrogen into ammonia

• Convert nitrates into ammonium