Understanding Opinions, Fallacies, and Biases

What is an opinion?

• A statement that is always true

• A judgment based on facts

• A belief that is not easily explained by facts

• A series of statements to convince others

What defines a conclusion?

• A statement that is always subjective

• A judgment based on certain facts

• An argument that is universally accepted

• A belief that cannot be questioned

Which of the following best describes a fallacy?

• A statement that is always factual

• A conclusion drawn from valid premises

• An argument based on faulty reasoning

• A belief that is universally accepted

What is bias?

• An objective analysis of facts

• Disproportionate weight in favor of or against an idea

• A universally accepted opinion

• A conclusion based on empirical evidence

What does 'ad hominem' refer to?

• Attacking the argument itself

• Using emotions to persuade

• Attacking the person presenting the argument

• Assuming a cause-and-effect relationship

What is confirmation bias?

• The tendency to accept information that fits one's beliefs

• The tendency to judge others based on their actions

• The tendency to focus on one aspect of a problem

• The tendency to see past events as predictable

Which fallacy assumes that what is true of a part is true for the whole?

• Begging the question

• Appeal to tradition

• Fallacy of composition

• Fallacy of division

What is the definition of a claim?

• A statement that is universally accepted

• A belief that is easily explained by facts

• A statement that requires further examination

• A conclusion based on empirical evidence

What does 'framing' refer to in terms of bias?

• Analyzing events based on cultural perspectives

• Focusing on a certain aspect while ignoring others

• Judging personality by actions without external factors

• Seeing past events as predictable

What is the appeal to tradition fallacy?

• Using emotions to persuade

• Assuming a cause-and-effect relationship

• Assuming something is true because it has been accepted for a long time

• Attacking the person instead of the argument