HISTOLOGY TEST(MCQs)

Under microscopic examination, transitional epithelium shows large, dome-shaped cells on the surface. What function does this structure serve?

• Facilitates absorption of nutrients

• Allows stretching and prevents urine leakage

• Produces mucus for lubrication

• Protects against ultraviolet radiation

• Secretion of waste products

In an electron micrograph of epithelial tissue, you see closely apposed plasma membranes with dense plaques and intermediate filaments inserting into them. This structure most likely represents:

• Tight junctions

• Desmosomes

• Gap junctions

• Hemidesmosomes

• Fascia adherens

Gap junctions are composed of protein subunits known as:

• A. Claudins

• B. Cadherins

• C. Integrins

• D. Connexins

• Zona adherens

Which cell junction connects the actin cytoskeleton of one cell to the actin cytoskeleton of a neighboring cell via cadherins?

• Hemidesmosome

• Zonula adherens (adherens junction)

• Gap junction

• Tight junction

• Fascia occludens

Stratified epithelium is defined as epithelium composed of:

• A. A single layer of cells of varying shapes and sizes

• B. Multiple layers of cells, with only the deepest layer touching the basement membrane

• C. Columnar cells with cilia on their surface

• D. Flattened cells with no nuclei

• E. Flat cells with elongated nucleus

Histologically, stratified cuboidal epithelium serves particular functions depending on its location in the body. What is a primary function of stratified cuboidal epithelium?

• Gas exchange

• Absorption of nutrients

• Secretion and protection in ducts

• Filtration of blood plasma

• Formation of keratin layers

On histological examination, an epithelium shows multiple layers with flattened, anucleate cells on the surface, forming a protective barrier. This epithelium is most likely:

• Simple columnar ciliated epithelium

• Stratified squamous keratinized epithelium

• Transitional epithelium

• Stratified cuboidal epithelium

• Stratified squamous non keratinized epithelium

On histological examination, a tissue is seen consisting of a single layer of flattened cells lining a body cavity. This layer is known as:

• Mesothelium, which lines serous membranes

• Transitional epithelium of the urinary bladder

• Stratified squamous keratinized epithelium

• Simple cuboidal epithelium of gland ducts

• Simple columnar epithelium

Simple squamous epithelium is best described as:

• A. A single layer of cube-shaped cells

• B. A single layer of flat, thin cells with centrally located nuclei

• C. Multiple layers of flat, dead cells without nuclei

• D. Tall columnar cells with cilia

• E. Cuboidal cells with central nucleus

A histological section shows ducts lined by two layers of cells, both appearing square with centrally placed round nuclei. This epithelium is best classified as:

• Stratified squamous keratinized

• Simple columnar ciliated

• Simple squamous

• Stratified cuboidal

• Simple cuboidal