NUR 114 Study Quizizz

The lab value that should alert the nurse to an increased risk for coronary artery disease due to atherosclerosis in a male adult client is:

• Elevated LDL cholesterol

• Low HDL cholesterol

• Normal triglycerides

• Low total cholesterol

Answer explanation

Elevated LDL cholesterol is a key risk factor for coronary artery disease due to atherosclerosis, as it contributes to plaque buildup in arteries. Monitoring LDL levels is crucial for assessing cardiovascular risk.

Assessment findings that would lead a nurse to suspect autonomic neuropathy in a client with type 2 diabetes mellitus include:

• Orthostatic hypotension, gastroparesis, and decreased sweating

• Increased deep tendon reflexes and muscle spasms

• Sudden weight gain and increased appetite

• Frequent urination and excessive thirst

Answer explanation

The correct choice, orthostatic hypotension, gastroparesis, and decreased sweating, indicates autonomic neuropathy, a common complication in type 2 diabetes, affecting blood pressure regulation, digestion, and sweat production.

Which client statement demonstrates understanding of how to reduce the risk of coronary artery disease?

• I will exercise regularly and eat a diet low in saturated fats.

• I will increase my salt intake to maintain blood pressure.

• I will avoid all fruits and vegetables to reduce sugar intake.

• I will only visit my doctor if I feel chest pain.

Answer explanation

The correct statement shows understanding of reducing coronary artery disease risk by promoting regular exercise and a low saturated fat diet, both of which are essential for heart health.

Which of the following client statements reflects accurate understanding of how to take sublingual nitroglycerin for angina?

• "I will place the tablet under my tongue and let it dissolve completely before swallowing."

• "I will swallow the tablet whole with a glass of water."

• "I will chew the tablet for faster relief."

• "I will place the tablet on top of my tongue and swallow it immediately."

Answer explanation

The correct statement is, "I will place the tablet under my tongue and let it dissolve completely before swallowing." This method allows for rapid absorption of nitroglycerin, providing quick relief from angina.

For a client with hyperlipidemia and elevated liver function tests, which medication order should the nurse prioritize for follow-up with the provider?

• Statin

• Aspirin

• Beta-blocker

• Calcium channel blocker

Answer explanation

Statins can elevate liver enzymes and are contraindicated in patients with elevated liver function tests. Therefore, the nurse should prioritize follow-up on the statin order to ensure patient safety.

The nurse should respond to a patient with arteriosclerosis asking about the importance of quitting smoking by explaining that:

• Quitting smoking reduces the risk of further damage to blood vessels.

• Quitting smoking has no effect on arteriosclerosis.

• Quitting smoking only benefits lung health, not blood vessels.

• Quitting smoking is only necessary if the patient has high blood pressure.

Answer explanation

Quitting smoking is crucial for patients with arteriosclerosis as it helps reduce the risk of further damage to blood vessels, improving overall cardiovascular health.

The nurse should emphasize which key lifestyle change when educating a client with atherosclerosis?

• Decrease physical activity

• Decrease saturated fat intake

• Reduce fiber consumption

• Limit water intake

Answer explanation

The key lifestyle change for a client with atherosclerosis is to decrease saturated fat intake, as high saturated fat can raise cholesterol levels and worsen the condition.

The nurse should include which intervention in the care plan for a client with deep vein thrombosis receiving anticoagulation therapy?

• Encourage early ambulation and monitor for signs of bleeding

• Apply cold compresses to the affected limb

• Massage the affected leg to improve circulation

• Restrict all fluid intake to prevent swelling

Answer explanation

Encouraging early ambulation helps prevent complications of deep vein thrombosis, while monitoring for signs of bleeding is crucial due to anticoagulation therapy. The other options are not appropriate interventions.

Which of the following are signs and symptoms a nurse should expect in a client with congestive heart failure?

• Shortness of breath, edema, and fatigue

• Fever, rash, and joint pain

• Increased appetite, weight loss, and insomnia

• Jaundice, itching, and dark urine

Answer explanation

In congestive heart failure, common signs include shortness of breath due to fluid buildup, edema from poor circulation, and fatigue from decreased cardiac output. The other options do not relate to this condition.

The nurse would anticipate which of the following findings in a client diagnosed with left-sided heart failure?

• Crackles in the lungs

• Peripheral edema

• Jugular vein distention

• Hepatomegaly

Answer explanation

In left-sided heart failure, fluid backs up into the lungs, causing pulmonary congestion. This results in crackles during auscultation. Peripheral edema, jugular vein distention, and hepatomegaly are more associated with right-sided heart failure.