Research Validity and Design Considerations Quiz

What is internal validity essential for in experimental studies?

• Ensuring findings are generalizable to broader populations

• Establishing equivalence of experimental and control groups at the start

• Controlling response bias

• Preventing scientific fraud

What does external validity relate to in research studies?

• The control of response sets

• The generalizability of findings to broader populations

• The prevention of scientific fraud

• The equivalence of experimental and control groups

What is the effect of repeated measurements in testing?

• Instrumentation

• Regression to the mean

• Practice effects

• Mortality

What does "regression to the mean" refer to in research?

• Tendency for extreme scores to move toward average

• Selection bias in group assignment

• Participant dropout effects

• Changes in behavior due to being observed

What is the Hawthorne effect?

• Changes in behavior due to being observed

• Selection bias in group assignment

• Participant dropout effects

• Tendency for extreme scores to move toward average

What is a key factor in determining external validity?

• Practice effects

• Participant characteristics and selection

• Data fabrication

• Instrumentation

What is a setting effect in the context of external validity?

• Changes in behavior due to being observed

• Influence of the environment on research outcomes

• Selection bias in group assignment

• Participant dropout effects

How does maturation affect longitudinal studies?

• It causes selection bias

• It leads to participant dropout

• It complicates determining if changes are due to treatment or natural development

• It affects measurement validity

What is the difference between response deviation and social desirability?

• Response deviation is positive, social desirability is negative

• Response deviation is negative, social desirability is socially acceptable

• Both are forms of data fabrication

• Both are related to participant dropout

What is an example of scientific fraud?

• Practice effects

• Data fabrication

• Regression to the mean

• Mortality