Thermal Processes - Y10C

How does a sea breeze occur?

• Warm air over the land rises and cooler air from the sea moves in to replace it.

• Cool air over the land rises and warm air from the sea moves in to replace it.

• Warm air from the sea rises and cool air from the land moves in to replace it.

• Cool air from the sea rises and warm air from the land moves in to replace it.

What is conduction?

• The transfer of thermal energy through a material without the material itself moving, mainly occurring in solids.

• The movement of thermal energy through fluids by the movement of the fluid itself.

• The process of heat transfer through electromagnetic waves.

• The transfer of thermal energy by direct contact between materials.

What creates a convection current?

• The cooler, denser fluid rises while the warmer, less dense fluid sinks, creating a continuous cycle.

• The warmer, less dense fluid rises while the cooler, denser fluid sinks, creating a continuous cycle.

• A solid object heats up and causes the surrounding air to move, creating a current.

• Convection currents are created by the rotation of the Earth affecting fluid movement.

How does a thermos bottle minimize heat transfer?

• A thermos bottle uses vacuum insulation to reduce conduction and convection, and reflective surfaces to minimize radiation.

• A thermos bottle relies on thick walls to prevent heat loss.

• A thermos bottle is made of metal to conduct heat away from the contents.

• A thermos bottle uses a special gel to absorb heat.

How do radiant heaters work?

• They heat the air around them, which then warms objects and people.

• They emit infrared radiation which warms objects and people directly, without heating the air in between.

• They use convection currents to distribute warm air throughout a room.

• They rely on electric coils that glow red hot to provide heat.

What type of surfaces are the best emitters and absorbers of thermal radiation?

• Shiny, reflective surfaces.

• Light, glossy surfaces.

• Dark, matt surfaces.

• Transparent, smooth surfaces.

What role does convection play in everyday phenomena?

• It describes how fluids circulate and transfer heat in boiling water, weather systems, or home appliances.

• It is the process of heat transfer through direct contact between materials.

• It refers to the movement of air in a vacuum.

• It is the method by which sound waves travel through solids.

How do metals conduct heat?

• Metals contain free electrons that move rapidly and transfer energy more efficiently than vibrations alone.

• Metals conduct heat through the movement of their atoms only.

• Metals do not conduct heat; they are insulators.

• Metals conduct heat by absorbing and storing thermal energy without transferring it.

What role does radiation play in everyday phenomena?

• It accounts for how energy travels through space and influences temperature even in the absence of air or contact.

• It is primarily responsible for the formation of clouds and precipitation.

• It only affects living organisms and has no impact on inanimate objects.

• It is a form of energy that can only be felt when in direct contact with a source.

Give an example of conduction in everyday life.

• A metal spoon becoming hot after being left in a pot of boiling soup.

• A cold drink warming up in a warm room.

• Ice melting on a warm surface.

• A person feeling warm after sitting by a fire.