Understanding the Excretory System

What is the primary function of the kidneys?

• To produce hormones for digestion

• To store excess nutrients

• To regulate body temperature

• The primary function of the kidneys is to filter blood and produce urine.

Describe the structure of a nephron.

• A nephron is made up of the heart and lungs.

• A nephron consists of the renal corpuscle (glomerulus and Bowman's capsule), proximal convoluted tubule, loop of Henle, distal convoluted tubule, and collecting duct.

• A nephron includes the small intestine and stomach.

• A nephron consists of the liver and pancreas.

What are the main parts of a nephron?

• Cortex and medulla

• Renal pelvis and ureter

• Glomerulus and collecting duct

• The main parts of a nephron are the renal corpuscle and the renal tubule.

Explain the process of urine formation.

• Urine formation occurs only through filtration in the liver.

• Urine is formed solely by the secretion of waste products in the bladder.

• Urine formation involves filtration, reabsorption, and secretion in the kidneys.

• Urine formation involves digestion and absorption in the intestines.

How do kidneys help maintain homeostasis in the body?

• Kidneys are responsible for oxygen transport in the blood.

• Kidneys produce hormones that increase appetite.

• Kidneys help in digestion by breaking down food particles.

• Kidneys maintain homeostasis by regulating electrolytes, blood pressure, waste filtration, and fluid balance.

What role do the renal arteries and veins play in kidney function?

• The renal arteries remove waste from the kidneys, while the renal veins supply blood to the kidneys.

• The renal arteries supply blood to the kidneys for filtration, while the renal veins remove filtered blood from the kidneys.

• The renal arteries transport oxygen to the kidneys, while the renal veins transport nutrients.

• The renal arteries filter blood, while the renal veins store urine.

What is the significance of the glomerulus in the nephron?

• The glomerulus produces hormones for kidney function.

• The glomerulus regulates blood pressure in the body.

• The glomerulus absorbs nutrients from urine.

• The glomerulus is significant for filtering blood to form urine.

How does filtration occur in the kidneys?

• Filtration is performed by the ureters.

• Filtration happens in the collecting ducts.

• Filtration occurs in the renal pelvis.

• Filtration occurs in the glomeruli of the kidneys.

What substances are typically reabsorbed during urine formation?

• Carbon dioxide, urea, and creatinine

• Cholesterol, triglycerides, and vitamins

• Oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur

• Water, glucose, amino acids, and ions (sodium, potassium, bicarbonate)

What is the difference between osmoregulation and excretion?

• Osmoregulation is only found in aquatic animals.

• Excretion is the process of absorbing nutrients.

• Osmoregulation and excretion are the same process.

• Osmoregulation maintains water and solute balance; excretion removes waste products.