Chapter 2 Vocab flash cards

Mercantilism

• An economic system where a country focuses on self-sufficiency and minimal trade.

• An economic system in which a country attempts to export more than it imports to accumulate wealth and gain power.

• An economic theory that advocates for free trade and minimal government intervention.

• An economic model that emphasizes the importance of consumer spending and demand.

Manufactured goods

• Products that have been made from raw materials, typically in factories.

• Items that are sold directly to consumers without any processing.

• Natural resources that are extracted from the earth.

• Goods that are produced using traditional craftsmanship.

Slave trade

• The buying and selling of human beings as property, especially across the Atlantic Ocean during colonial times.

• A system of trade involving goods and services without the exchange of money.

• The practice of exchanging agricultural products for manufactured goods.

• A historical event where countries traded their cultural artifacts.

Salutary neglect

• A British policy of strict control over the American colonies, limiting their independence.

• A British policy of loose control over the American colonies, which allowed them to develop some independence.

• A policy that encouraged the American colonies to rebel against British rule.

• A British law that imposed heavy taxes on the American colonies.

Overt

• Done or shown openly; not hidden or secret.

• Concealed or kept secret; hidden from view.

• Ambiguous or unclear in meaning; open to interpretation.

• Subtle or indirect; not openly expressed.

Resistance

• The act of opposing or fighting against something.

• A measure of how much an object resists the flow of electric current.

• A type of physical force that causes motion.

• The ability to withstand pressure or stress.

Cash crop

• A crop grown primarily for the farmer's own use.

• A crop grown primarily to be sold for profit rather than for the farmer's own use.

• A crop that is used for livestock feed.

• A crop that is grown in small quantities for local markets.

Plantation

• A small garden for growing vegetables.

• A large farm or estate, especially in a tropical or subtropical area, where crops like cotton or sugar are grown.

• A type of tree commonly found in temperate regions.

• A method of farming that involves rotating crops annually.

Representative government

• A system where citizens elect officials to represent their interests and make decisions on their behalf.

• A form of government where a single ruler has absolute power.

• A system where citizens have direct control over all government decisions.

• A government structure based on hereditary rule and monarchy.

Enlightenment

• A 19th-century artistic movement focused on emotion and nature.

• An 18th-century movement that emphasized reason, science, and individual rights.

• A political revolution that aimed to overthrow monarchies in Europe.

• A philosophical approach that rejected all forms of government.