What is a risk?

• A certain event that always results in a loss

• Any possibility that something might occur resulting in an injury or a loss

• A type of computer virus

• A type of software

Answer explanation

A risk is defined as any possibility that something might occur resulting in an injury or a loss. This encompasses uncertainties, unlike the incorrect options which are too specific or unrelated.

A digital security risk is any event or action that could cause a loss of or damage to computer or mobile device hardware, software, data, information, or ________ capability.

• processing

• storage

• display

• network

Answer explanation

The correct answer is 'processing' because digital security risks can affect the ability of devices to process data, which is crucial for their functionality. Other options like storage and display are important but not as fundamental as processing.

Types of digital security risks include threats to our information, physical health, mental health, and the ________.

• environment

• economy

• education

• transportation

Answer explanation

Digital security risks can impact various aspects of life, including the environment. Threats such as data breaches and cyberattacks can lead to environmental harm, making 'environment' the correct choice.

State-sponsored attackers are employed by the government to launch computer attacks against their enemies through _________.

• nation-state actors

• script kiddies

• hacktivists

• insider threats

Answer explanation

State-sponsored attackers are referred to as nation-state actors, as they are government-employed individuals or groups that conduct cyber attacks against other nations or entities.

What does the term 'cyberwarfare' describe?

• A) A type of social engineering

• B) An attack whose goal ranges from disabling a government’s computer network to crippling a country

• C) The process of sifting through Big Data

• D) A type of phishing attack

Answer explanation

The term 'cyberwarfare' refers to attacks aimed at disrupting or damaging a nation's computer networks, potentially leading to significant harm, such as crippling a country's infrastructure, making option B the correct choice.

These attackers try to steal and then use your credit card numbers, online financial account information, or Social Security numbers using _________.

• data mining

• phishing

• encryption

• firewall

Answer explanation

Attackers use data mining to gather personal information like credit card numbers and Social Security numbers for fraudulent purposes. Phishing is a method to trick users into providing such information, but data mining is the correct term for the act of stealing it.

Data mining is the process of sifting through ________ to find the important questions that will yield fruitful results.

• Big Data

• Small Data

• Random Data

• Structured Data

Answer explanation

Data mining involves analyzing large sets of data, known as Big Data, to uncover patterns and insights. This process is essential for identifying significant questions that can lead to valuable outcomes.

A cyber extortionist is an individual who threatens to expose confidential information, exploit a security flaw, or launch an attack that will compromise the organization’s _________?

• network

• revenue

• website design

• employee benefits

Answer explanation

A cyber extortionist typically threatens to compromise an organization's network, as this is crucial for its operations and security. The other options, like revenue or employee benefits, are not directly related to the immediate threat posed.

Social engineering is a category of attack that attempts to trick the victim into giving valuable information to the attacker. Examples include ________ and phishing.

• hoaxes

• encryption

• firewalls

• backups

Answer explanation

Hoaxes are a form of social engineering that deceive individuals into revealing sensitive information, similar to phishing. Both tactics exploit human psychology rather than technical vulnerabilities.

Any illegal act involving the use of a computer or related devices is generally referred to as a ________ and the term ________ refers to online or Internet-based illegal acts, such as distributing malicious software or committing identity theft.

• computer crime, cybercrime

• cybercrime, computer crime

• computer fraud, cyber fraud

• cyber attack, computer attack

Answer explanation

The correct choice is 'computer crime, cybercrime' because 'computer crime' encompasses all illegal acts involving computers, while 'cybercrime' specifically refers to Internet-based illegal activities like identity theft.