Puritan Theology Concepts

Lament

• A passionate expression of grief or sorrow.

• A joyful celebration of life.

• A formal agreement or contract.

• A brief moment of silence.

Typology

• A method of classifying types of literature

• Interpreting events as prefigurations of biblical events, used by Puritans to interpret their experiences.

• A psychological theory about personality types

• A historical approach to studying ancient civilizations

Salem Witch Trials

• A series of prosecutions in 1692 where accusations of witchcraft led to panic, trials, and executions in Puritan Massachusetts.

• A peaceful gathering of Puritan leaders to discuss community issues in 1692.

• A series of trials for alleged witchcraft that took place in England in the 17th century.

• An event where Puritan Massachusetts celebrated the harvest season in 1692.

Role of deviance in Puritan society

• Deviance was celebrated as a form of individualism.

• Deviance was ignored to maintain peace.

• Deviance was used to reinforce social norms and boundaries, maintaining group cohesion.

• Deviance was punished to encourage rebellion.

Half-Way Covenant

• A 1662 policy allowing partial church membership for the children of Puritans, aiming to maintain church influence.

• A 1650 law that mandated full church membership for all Puritans.

• A 1700 agreement that allowed non-Puritans to join the church without restrictions.

• A 1685 policy that required all church members to be landowners.

Crime wave

• A social moment when deviance surges, causing alarm and calls for action.

• A period of increased criminal activity without any social implications.

• A government initiative to reduce crime rates in urban areas.

• A psychological phenomenon affecting only certain demographics.

Anne Hutchinson's challenge to Puritan authority

• She questioned the colony's ministers and was tried for her religious beliefs, leading to her banishment.

• She supported the ministers and promoted their teachings.

• She established a new colony based on strict Puritan beliefs.

• She was a prominent figure in the Salem witch trials.

John Cotton's influence

• A leading Puritan minister whose sermons and writings shaped New England's religious and social life.

• A famous artist known for his contributions to the American Renaissance.

• A political leader who advocated for the separation of church and state in colonial America.

• A scientist who made significant advancements in early American agriculture.

Anne Hutchinson posed both theological and social threats to the Puritan establishment.

• She claimed many ministers promoted a 'covenant of works,' not a 'covenant of grace,' challenging their authority.

• She supported the idea of predestination and the authority of the ministers.

• She advocated for the separation of church and state in Puritan society.

• She believed in the importance of public confession and communal worship.

John Winthrop's vision for the Puritan community

• He envisioned the colony as a moral example, a “City upon a Hill,” watched by the world.

• He believed the colony should focus on trade and commerce.

• He wanted the colony to be a place of religious freedom for all denominations.

• He aimed to create a military stronghold against Native Americans.