Fitness: Cardiovascular benefits

• Regular exercise strengthens the heart and improves circulation.

• Eating a balanced diet is the only way to improve heart health.

• Smoking has no effect on cardiovascular fitness.

• Only high-intensity workouts can benefit the heart.

Energy derivation: Carbohydrate

• Carbohydrates are the primary energy source for high-intensity activities.

• Fats are the main source of energy during low-intensity activities.

• Proteins are the body's preferred energy source during exercise.

• Vitamins are essential for energy production in the body.

Thiamin: Sources and deficiency symptoms

• Thiamin is primarily found in dairy products and leads to scurvy when deficient.

• Thiamin is found in whole grains and pork, with deficiency leading to beriberi.

• Thiamin is abundant in fruits and vegetables, and deficiency causes rickets.

• Thiamin is mainly sourced from fish and eggs, with deficiency resulting in anemia.

Vitamin C: Functions and sources

• Vitamin C supports immune function and is found in citrus fruits.

• Vitamin C is primarily found in dairy products.

• Vitamin C is essential for bone health.

• Vitamin C is a type of vitamin D.

Vitamin D: Functions and sources

• Supports bone health and immune function, found in sunlight exposure and fortified foods.

• Is primarily obtained from animal sources such as meat and dairy.

• Has no significant role in immune function.

• Is only produced in the body through dietary intake.

Energy derivation: Protein

• Protein is a primary energy source for the body.

• Protein is used for muscle repair and growth, not a primary energy source.

• Protein is converted into carbohydrates for energy.

• Protein provides more energy than carbohydrates.

Vitamin E: Functions and sources

• Acts as an antioxidant, protecting cells from damage, found in nuts and seeds.

• Helps in the absorption of calcium and is found in dairy products.

• Supports immune function and is primarily found in citrus fruits.

• Aids in blood clotting and is found in leafy green vegetables.

Dietary recommendations: Fats

• Fats should comprise 10-20% of total daily calories.

• Fats should comprise 20-35% of total daily calories.

• Fats should comprise 35-50% of total daily calories.

• Fats should comprise 5-15% of total daily calories.

RED-S: Characteristics

• It enhances metabolic rate and immunity.

• It has no effect on bone health.

• It affects metabolic rate, bone health, and immunity.

• It only impacts athletic performance.

Nutrition: Importance for athletes

• Proper nutrition supports energy needs, recovery, and overall performance.

• Nutrition has no significant impact on athletic performance.

• Athletes should focus solely on protein intake for optimal performance.

• Carbohydrates are not necessary for athletes during training.