Informatics for Grade 12 Students

What is the primary function of an operating system?

• To serve as a programming language

• The primary function of an operating system is to manage hardware and software resources.

• To run applications exclusively

• To provide internet connectivity

Define the term 'algorithm' in computer science.

• A method for storing data in a database.

• A type of hardware used in computers.

• A programming language used for web development.

• An algorithm is a step-by-step procedure for solving a problem or performing a task.

What is the difference between RAM and ROM?

• RAM is non-volatile and used for temporary storage.

• ROM is volatile and used for temporary storage.

• RAM and ROM are both used for permanent storage.

• RAM is volatile and used for temporary storage, while ROM is non-volatile and used for permanent storage.

Explain the concept of 'data structures' with examples.

• Data structures are irrelevant to data management.

• Data structures are only used for programming languages.

• Data structures are organized formats for storing and managing data, with examples like arrays, linked lists, stacks, queues, trees, and hash tables.

• Examples of data structures include only strings and integers.

What is the purpose of a compiler in programming?

• To provide a user interface for programming languages.

• To optimize the performance of the code at runtime.

• To execute the code directly without any conversion.

• The purpose of a compiler is to convert high-level programming code into machine code.

Describe the role of a database management system (DBMS).

• A DBMS is primarily used for creating user interfaces.

• The main function of a DBMS is to generate reports only.

• A DBMS is responsible for hardware maintenance and upgrades.

• The role of a DBMS is to manage and organize data in a database, providing tools for data manipulation, security, and integrity.

What are the main components of a computer network?

• Only software applications

• User interfaces

• The main components of a computer network are devices (computers, servers, routers), transmission media (cables, wireless), and network protocols.

• Power supply units

Define 'cloud computing' and its advantages.

• Cloud computing is only for large enterprises.

• Cloud computing eliminates the need for internet access.

• Cloud computing is the delivery of computing services over the internet, offering advantages such as scalability, cost efficiency, accessibility, and automatic updates.

• Cloud computing requires physical servers on-site.

What is the significance of cybersecurity in today's digital world?

• Cybersecurity is primarily about physical security measures.

• Cybersecurity is significant as it protects data, ensures information integrity, and maintains user trust in the digital world.

• Cybersecurity is only important for large corporations.

• Cybersecurity has no impact on user trust.

Explain the difference between object-oriented and procedural programming.

• The main difference is that OOP organizes code around objects and their interactions, while procedural programming organizes code around functions and procedures.

• OOP focuses on algorithms while procedural programming focuses on data structures.

• OOP is primarily used for scripting, while procedural programming is used for system programming.

• Procedural programming uses classes to encapsulate data, while OOP does not.