Midterm part 2

What is the name of the specialized free nerve endings that act as pressure receptors in hollow organs?

• visceroreceptors

• hydrostatic receptors

• fluid proprioceptor

• baroreceptors

What is the name of the connective tissue covering around the brain and spinal cord?

• perineurium

• meninges

• epineurium

• neural membrane

Which layer of meninges serves as the tough protective cover?

• dura mater

• spinal mater

• arachnoid mater

• pia mater

What structures are contained in the gray matter of the brain and spinal cord, and autonomic ganglia?

• Axons of motor and sensory pathways

• Only cell bodies

• Cell bodies, dendrites, and synapses

• Only synapses

The dorsal horn of the gray matter of the spinal cord conveys which sensory modality?

• Sensory information

• Descending tracts

• motor commands

• none of the above

The white matter of the spinal cord is made up of:

• axons of sensory and motor neurons

• fibrous connective tissue and myelin

• microglia, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes

• dendrites and cell bodies of sensory neurons

Which portion of the spinal cord white matter is called a descending tract?

• lateral horn

• posterior horn

• sensory tract

• motor tract

The autonomic motor neurons of the sympathetic division emanate from which region of the spinal cord?

• ascending tract

• dorsal horn of the gray matter

• lateral horn of the gray matter

• ventral horn of the gray matter

What kind of dysfunction is most likely to occur when the anterior root of a spinal nerve is damaged?

• partial loss of sensation across a few dermatomes

• paresthesia and decreased smooth muscle function

• full loss of sensation in the associated dermatome

• partial loss of movement control and/or muscle strength

What is the function of the medulla oblongata?

• serves as sensory input station for all cranial nerves except the optic and olfactory

• sorts and prioritizes virtually all sensory information before sending it to the cerebrum

• controls and regulates all central nervous system functions

• it is the center for respiratory, cardiac and vasomotor reflexes