Settling the New World - Vocabulary

Christopher Columbus

• An Italian explorer who completed four voyages across the Atlantic Ocean, opening the way for the widespread European exploration and colonization of the Americas.

• A Spanish conquistador known for his role in the fall of the Aztec Empire.

• A French navigator who mapped the coast of North America in the 16th century.

• An English sailor who was the first to circumnavigate the globe.

Mother Countries

• European countries that established colonies in the New World.

• Countries that were colonized by European powers.

• Nations that fought against colonialism in the New World.

• Countries that provided resources to their colonies.

Native/Indigenous Tribes

• The original inhabitants of the Americas before European colonization.

• A group of European settlers who arrived in the 17th century.

• A modern political movement advocating for indigenous rights.

• A term used to describe all immigrants to the Americas.

Middle Passage

• The stage of the triangular trade in which millions of Africans were forcibly transported to the New World as part of the Atlantic slave trade.

• A route taken by European explorers to discover new lands in the Americas.

• A term used to describe the journey of goods from Europe to Africa.

• The process of enslaving indigenous peoples in the Americas.

Encomienda

• A Spanish labor system that rewarded conquerors with the labor of particular groups of subject people.

• A type of Spanish architecture used in colonial buildings.

• A legal document granting land to Spanish settlers in the New World.

• A religious mission established by the Spanish in the Americas.

Mercantilist System/Mercantilism

• An economic policy that aims to maximize exports and minimize imports for an economy.

• A system that encourages free trade and open markets.

• A theory that promotes government intervention in all economic activities.

• An approach that focuses solely on domestic production without international trade.

New France

• The area colonized by France in North America during a period beginning with the exploration of the Saint Lawrence River by Jacques Cartier in 1534.

• A territory in South America claimed by France in the 17th century.

• A region in Europe known for its French-speaking population.

• An island in the Caribbean colonized by France in the 18th century.

North America

• A continent in the Northern Hemisphere, part of the New World.

• A country located in the Southern Hemisphere.

• An island in the Pacific Ocean.

• A region known for its deserts and rainforests.

Old World

• Refers to Africa, Europe, and Asia, known to Europeans before the discovery of the Americas.

• A term used to describe the Americas after their discovery.

• A historical term for the continents of North and South America.

• A phrase used to refer to the ancient civilizations of Mesopotamia.

Missionaries

• Individuals who are sent to promote their religion in a foreign country.

• People who travel to provide humanitarian aid.

• Individuals who study foreign languages.

• Tourists visiting religious sites.