When would object started to emit infrared radiation? 

• Above -273°C  

• Above 0°C 

• Above 100°C         

• Above 273°C 

Answer explanation

Objects start to emit infrared radiation when their temperature exceeds absolute zero, which is -273°C. This is the point at which molecular motion begins, allowing for the emission of infrared radiation.

What is the primary source of power for a DCS control panel?

• Diesel generator 

• Battery only

• Main AC supply protected by a UPS 

• Solar panel

Answer explanation

The primary source of power for a DCS control panel is the main AC supply, which is protected by a UPS. This ensures continuous operation and reliability, unlike alternatives like diesel generators or batteries.

What risk is associated with failure of the DC lube oil pump during turbine coast-down? 

• Increased emissions

• Delayed start-up 

• Metal-to-metal contact and bearing damage

• Higher fuel consumption 

Answer explanation

Failure of the DC lube oil pump during turbine coast-down can lead to metal-to-metal contact and bearing damage due to insufficient lubrication, which is critical for protecting moving parts from wear and overheating.

What are the main threats of freshwater fish migration in Asia?  

• Climate Change  

• Pollution

• Invasive species & dieses 

• Habitat degradation & Change and Habitat Loss 

Answer explanation

Habitat degradation and loss are the main threats to freshwater fish migration in Asia, as they disrupt breeding and feeding grounds, making it difficult for fish to migrate and survive.

Empurau or Semah categorised into which migration type?  

• Oceanodromous 

• Anadromous  

• Catadromous 

• Potamodromous

Answer explanation

Empurau and Semah are categorized as potamodromous fish, meaning they migrate within freshwater systems, typically moving between rivers and lakes.

What is the correct sequence of major components for transmitting power from a floating solar farm to the electrical grid?

• Solar Modules -> Inverters -> High Voltage Step Up Transformer -> Medium Voltage Smart Transformer Station -> Grid 

• Solar Modules -> Medium Voltage Smart Transformer Station -> High Voltage Step Up Transformer -> Inverters -> Grid  

• Solar Modules -> Inverters -> Medium Voltage Smart Transformer Station -> High Voltage Step Up Transformer -> Grid 

Answer explanation

The correct sequence is Solar Modules -> Inverters -> Medium Voltage Smart Transformer Station -> High Voltage Step Up Transformer -> Grid. This order ensures proper voltage conversion and grid compatibility.

The 500kV side of Mapai Substation is designed using a one-and-a-half breaker scheme. 

• True

• False

Answer explanation

The statement is true because the 500kV side of Mapai Substation is indeed designed using a one-and-a-half breaker scheme, which enhances reliability and flexibility in the system.

Which one is NOT the benefit of Coordinated Voltage Control? 

• Reduced manual intervention

• Improved voltage control response time 

• Enhanced consistency regardless of operator experience

• Smooth frequency control

Answer explanation

Smooth frequency control is not a benefit of Coordinated Voltage Control, which primarily focuses on voltage management rather than frequency regulation. The other options directly relate to improved voltage control.

The current Coordinated Voltage Control implementation are only able to control

• STATCOM output 

• Transformer tap 

• Reactor and Capacitor Bank 

• Generator’s excitation 

Answer explanation

The current Coordinated Voltage Control can effectively manage the output of Reactor and Capacitor Banks, which are essential for voltage regulation in power systems, unlike the other options listed.

What is the colour of the marker indicators if there is an undervoltage issue? 

• Red

• Blue

• Pink

• Yellow

Answer explanation

The colour of the marker indicators for an undervoltage issue is blue. This is a standard indication used in various systems to alert users of low voltage conditions.