Pulmonary Tuberculosis Quiz

Which of the following is the most common adverse effect of ethambutol in the standard treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis?

• Peripheral neuropathy

• Retrobulbar neuritis

• Hepatitis

• Hyperuricemia

Ghon complex in pulmonary TB consists of:

• Primary lung lesion + pleural effusion

• Granulomatous nodule + hilar lymph node

• Calcified cavitary lesion + lung collapse

• Pleural thickening + fibrotic bands

Which investigation is recommended by WHO as the initial diagnostic test for pulmonary TB in adults?

• Sputum microscopy

• GeneXpert MTB/RIF

• Line probe assay

• Chest X-ray

Mono-resistant TB is defined as resistance to:

• Rifampicin and Isoniazid

• Any one first-line anti-TB drug

• Rifampicin and any fluoroquinolone

• Any injectable second-line drug

Which of the following is a major risk factor for TB reactivation?

• Vitamin C deficiency

• Diabetes mellitus

• Acute viral infection

• Hypertension

A 60-year-old diabetic man presents with chronic cough and weight loss. His CXR shows right upper lobe cavitation. Sputum GeneXpert detects rifampicin resistance. Which statement is TRUE regarding his management?

• He can continue standard 6-month therapy

• He requires MDR-TB regimen initiation

• He only needs 2 months of intensive therapy

• Rifampicin monotherapy is sufficient

A patient develops orange discoloration of urine during TB therapy. Which statement is correct?

• Caused by Isoniazid and is life-threatening

• Caused by Rifampicin and is harmless

• Indicates renal failure due to Pyrazinamide

• Suggests drug-induced hemolysis

Massive hemoptysis in chronic TB most commonly results from:

• Cavitary wall rupture into a bronchus

• Bronchospasm due to fibrosis

• Pleural effusion rupture

• Disseminated miliary TB

Miliary TB is most likely associated with:

• Apical lung cavitation

• Hematogenous dissemination

• Pleural adhesions

• Calcified hilar nodes only

A 35-year-old man with TB develops arthralgia and hyperuricemia 3 weeks after starting therapy. Which drug is the most likely cause?

• Rifampicin

• Pyrazinamide

• Isoniazid

• Ethambutol