Module 2 – History and Perspectives in Psychological Science

The first psychology laboratory was established in _____ by _____

• Russia; Ivan Pavlov

• Germany; Wilhelm Wundt

• Austria; Sigmund Freud

• United States; William James

Which of the following does not pertain to Edward B. Titchener?

• structuralism

• analyze the basic elements of thought

• the whole is greater than the sum of the parts

• student of Wundt

Sigmund Freud was the founder of:

• Gestalt psychology.

• psychoanalysis.

• behaviorism.

• functionalism.

Psychological perspectives are:

• ways to explain human behavior.

• research methods used to test hypotheses.

• past historical movements like Gestalt psychology that don’t really have any relevance in current psychology.

• biases that researchers avoid.

Dr. Albert believes that psychology should restrict itself to the study of observable behavior. Theories stressing the influences of internal concepts such as the unconscious mind or conscious experience should be avoided. Dr. Albert would probably be labeled a:

• Freudian.

• humanist.

• behaviorist.

• structuralist.

Which of the following pairs is correct?

• Maslow: humanism

• Freud: behaviorism

• Watson: functionalism

• Skinner: Gestalt psychology

Which of the following is still active today as a school of psychological thought?

• structuralism

• functionalism

• Gestalt Psychology

• Behaviorism

Bruce and Alan are both psychologists with different points of view. Bruce believes that psychology should focus on how people think and solve problems, while Alan feels psychology should instead deal with the physiological causes of behavior. According to the text, Bruce would probably be called a _____ psychologist, while Alan would be labeled a _____ psychologist.

• behavioral; social-cultural

• cognitive; biological

• psychodynamic; cognitive

• psychodynamic; biological

Which of the following book titles would be the most appropriate for a psychologist from the psychodynamic perspective?

• The Way We Think

• We are More Than Our Parts

• The Inner Conflicts

• The Brain as the Key to Behavior

The movement called positive psychology investigates such topics as:

• courage, originality, and wisdom.

• positive (or active) symptoms in schizophrenics.

• conditioning developmentally disabled children to function positively in society.

• adding positive behaviors to the list of symptoms used to diagnose psychological disorders.