Chapter 4

Which of the following is an example of non-volatile memory?

• RAM

• ROM

• Cache memory

• Registers

What is the main purpose of cache memory?

• To store data permanently

• To provide faster access between CPU and main memory

• To store operating system files

• To increase hard disk capacity

In memory interleaving, memory is divided into:

• Pages of equal size

• Multiple sections, each with its own MAR and MDR

• Blocks of cache lines

• Segments with different sizes

Which of the following is a disadvantage of the static partition scheme?

• Internal fragmentation

• External fragmentation

• Variable memory allocation

• Slow processing speed

External fragmentation is most associated with:

• Static partition scheme

• Dynamic partition scheme

• Paging

• Cache memory

In paging, the page offset refers to:

• The location of the page table in memory

• The base address of the physical page frame

• The specific location within the page

• The number of pages required by a process

A page fault occurs when:

• The page is already in cache

• The page is in main memory

• The page is not in main memory and must be loaded from disk

• The CPU cannot locate the page table

The Translation Lookaside Buffer (TLB) is used to:

• Store frequently used pages from the disk

• Cache virtual-to-physical address translations

• Reduce internal fragmentation

• Increase secondary storage speed

If the TLB hit ratio is 80%, TLB search time is 20ns, and memory access time is 100ns, the Effective Access Time (EAT) is:

• 120ns

• 140ns

• 160ns

• 180ns

Which is NOT a limitation of the TLB?

• Limited size

• Management overhead

• Unlimited storage capacity

• TLB miss penalty