B2BT10_14Aug2025

What is the primary difference between a centralized RAN (C-RAN) and a traditional distributed RAN?

• C-RAN separates the baseband processing units from the radio units, centralizing them in a data center.

• D-RAN uses a virtualized network function, while C-RAN uses dedicated hardware.

• C-RAN is a 2G technology, while D-RAN is for 5G.

• C-RAN uses licensed spectrum, while D-RAN uses unlicensed spectrum.

What is the main purpose of beamforming in a RAN?

• To reduce the overall power consumption of the base station.

• To direct the radio signal to a specific user or direction, improving signal quality and efficiency.

• To simplify the process of handovers between cells.

• To broadcast the radio signal uniformly in all directions.

The split between the Radio Unit (RU), Distributed Unit (DU), and Centralized Unit (CU) is a characteristic of which RAN architecture?

• 2G GSM RAN

• Traditional RAN (D-RAN)

• Virtualized RAN (vRAN)

• Satellite RAN

Which of the following RAN generations first introduced the concept of OFDMA (Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiple Access)?

• 4G (LTE)

• 5G (NR)

• 3G (UMTS)

• 2G (GSM)

What is the main benefit of using a distributed RAN (D-RAN) architecture?

• Greater flexibility in deploying base stations in isolated or remote areas.

• Reduced latency due to centralized processing

• Easier to manage and upgrade the network.

• Lower capital expenditure due to shared resources.

Which of the following is a key characteristic of a 5G gNodeB as compared to a 4G eNodeB?

• It can only operate on low-band frequencies.

• It must be physically connected to the Core Network via a direct coaxial cable.

• It supports a flexible and dynamic TDD/FDD frame structure.

• It supports a single, fixed bandwidth channel.

What is the function of the Physical Layer (PHY) in the RAN protocol stack?

• To manage user mobility and handovers.

• To encrypt user data for secure transmission.

• To route data packets to their final destination.

• To handle the physical transmission and reception of radio signals.

What is the function of the User Plane in a 5G RAN?

• To authenticate users and manage their security keys.

• To manage the power supply of the base station.

• To handle the actual user data traffic, such as web Browse or video streaming.

• To manage the signaling and control messages for network connections.

What is the primary function of the MAC (Medium Access Control) layer in the RAN protocol stack?

• To multiplex and schedule data from multiple users on the shared radio channel.

• To provide a secure connection through encryption.

• To route data packets across the internet.

• To establish and release RRC connections.

What is the primary purpose of an 'inter-eNodeB' handover in a 4G LTE network?

• To transfer a user's active connection from one eNodeB to another as they move.

• To manage the power output of a single base station.

• To change the frequency band a user is connected to within the same cell.

• To move a user's session from one core network to another.