What is the primary purpose of underpinning a building?

• To demolish the existing foundation.

• To strengthen or deepen an existing building's foundation.

• To change the aesthetic appearance of the foundation.

• To install new plumbing systems.

Underpinning becomes necessary when a foundation is no longer stable due to which of the following?

• A recent paint job.

• Soil movement or design flaws.

• The installation of new windows.

• The addition of a new roof.

What is a key objective of underpinning?

• To increase the height of the building.

• To build an entirely new structure.

• To ensure the structural integrity of a building showing signs of distress.

• To add a new floor to the building.

How is underpinning typically accomplished?

• By adding a new layer of paint to the walls.

• By extending the foundation in depth or width.

• By removing the existing foundation.

• By using a temporary support system permanently.

Which of the following is presented as an alternative to underpinning?

• Demolishing the building.

• Strengthening the soil by introducing a grout.

• Adding more doors to the structure.

• Repaving the surrounding area.

The underpinning process starts with which crucial step?

• Immediately excavating pits under the foundation.

• Placing the new underpinning material.

• A site inspection and structural assessment.

• Removing all furniture from the building.

What is a key feature of the mass concrete underpinning method?

• Piles are driven into the ground.

• Work is carried out in small, sequential sections.

• Hydraulic jacks are used to lift the entire building.

• It is only used for foundations deeper than 6m.

The pier and beam underpinning method is also known as what?

• Cantilever needle beam method.

• Pile method.

• Base and beam method.

• Mass concrete method.

Why did the pier and beam method progress in use?

• It was more aesthetically pleasing.

• The mass concrete method was not effective for very deep foundations.

• It was cheaper for all depths.

• It was easier to get permits for this method.

The pier and beam method is considered economical for foundations of what depth?

• Deeper than 10m.

• Shallower than 6m.

• Shallower than 2m.

• Deeper than 15m.