Philosophy Reviewer Q1

A student claims that her belief that “truth can only be determined by sensory experience” supports the idea that beauty is subjective. Which two philosophical branches are most relevant to evaluating her claim?

• Ethics and Aesthetics

• Epistemology and Aesthetics

• Metaphysics and Logic

• Logic and Ethics

If a person decides to help an enemy because “saving lives is always the moral duty of a human being,” which ethical theory is being applied?

• Utilitarianism

• Virtue Ethics

• Deontological Ethics

• Relativism

A teacher wants students to understand the Filipino concept of bahala na as a positive motivator rather than passive resignation. Which philosophical perspective could best be used to support this interpretation?

• Metaphysical belief in the cyclical nature of time

• Ethical relativism rooted in culture

• Epistemological skepticism toward divine providence

• Aesthetic appreciation of religious rituals

A scientist insists that only repeatable experiments can lead to reliable knowledge. Which philosophical approach does this align with?

• Empiricism

• Rationalism

• Relativism

• Utilitarianism

In a debate, one speaker says, “A statement cannot be true and false at the same time in the same context.” Which philosophical principle is the speaker applying?

• Principle of Sufficient Reason

• Principle of Non-Contradiction

• Principle of Excluded Middle

• Principle of Identity

An environmental group organizes Earth Hour, arguing that collective small actions can significantly reduce climate change. Which ethical framework best supports their reasoning?

• Divine Command

• Utilitarianism

• Virtue Ethics

• Deontological Ethics

A Filipino farmer wakes before sunrise to work in the fields, despite the stereotype of “Filipino Time” implying lateness. This example best demonstrates:

• The flaw of cultural overgeneralization

• The principle of sufficient reason

• Metaphysical dualism

• The aesthetic value of tradition

A philosopher refrains from making a judgment about a controversial issue until exploring all perspectives without bias. This is an example of:

• Empiricism

• Emptying

• Relativism

• Docta Ignorancia

If a person claims that a painting’s value lies in how it deepens our understanding of cultural history, they are emphasizing which function of aesthetics?

• Bringing us in touch with our culture

• Helping us live more deeply and richly

• Vitalizing our knowledge

• Encouraging moral action

A student applies Aristotle’s focus on character formation to become more patient and compassionate. This demonstrates:

• Virtue Ethics

• Utilitarianism

• Deontology

• Relativism