Metabolism of Nitrogen in Dental Plaque

Ureolytic bacteria in the oral cavity is/are:

• Streptococcus salivarius

• Porphyromonas gingivalis

• Actinomyces naeslundii

• Streptococcus mutans

What is the end product of urea after it is broken down by urease released from ureolytic oral bacteria?

• H₂O and CO₂

• NH₃ and CO₂

• HCO₃ + H⁺

• NH₃ + H₂O

Protective effect of urea in oral cavity

• increase the permeability of the sulcular epithelium

• acid neutralization

• promote the growth of proteolytic bacteria

• buffering capacity

In subgingival plaque, pyruvate is converted to ______________ by _______________ in the presence of ammonium ions.

• alanine; bacterial dehydrogenase

• lactic acid ; glucosyltransferase

• alanine ; alanine dehydrogenase

• lactic acid ; lactate dehydrogenase

Decarboxylation reactions in dental plaque occur in _____________ environment.

• alkaline

• acidic

• neutral

Assaccharolytic bacteria prefer ___________ for energy, as they do not rely on _______________.

• carbohydrates; amino acids

• lipids; lactate

• proteins; carbohydrates

Which fluid significantly increases in flow during gum inflammation?

• Blood Flow

• Saliva

• GCF

• Lymphatic Fluid

Which of the following enzymes plays a role in breaking down components of the extracellular matrix and weakening periodontal support structure?

• collagenase

• glucosyltransferase

• carbonic anhydrase

• hyaluronidase

• chondroitin sulfatase