2526 History 130 Chapter 1.2

Analyze the impact of the Spaniards' arrival on the Taino people, considering their way of life and resources.

• The Taino people were able to defend their towns with advanced metal weapons

• The Taino people had no metal weapons and could not withstand attacks by the Spaniards

• The Taino people immediately adopted Spanish customs and language

• The Taino people forced the Spaniards to leave the island

What strategic mistake did Columbus make during his search for China after landing on the island?

• He ignored the geographic realities and the inability to communicate with the natives

• He relied too much on the Indians for navigation

• He refused to explore the island further

• He sent all his men back to Spain immediately

Explain how the Spanish monarchy’s refusal to sanction the enslavement of friendly Indians led to the emergence of a new political economy in the New World.

• Settlers had to devise alternate means of getting labor, leading to a system where tribute was demanded from the Tainos

• Settlers abandoned all forms of labor and focused on trade

• Settlers imported laborers from Africa immediately

• Settlers allowed Indians complete freedom and did not demand any tribute

What was the main purpose of the encomienda system established by Spanish settlers in Hispaniola?

• To grant land ownership to settlers

• To ensure Indians received Christian instruction and lived in Godly villages

• To allow settlers to buy and sell slaves

• To make Indians vassals of the Portuguese Crown

Why was the map published by a German photographer in 1507 significant in the history of South America?

• It was the first map to assert the geographic truth about South America.

• It was the first map to show the route to Asia.

• It was the first map to include Australia.

• It was the first map to be printed in color.

Explain how the Spanish conquerors used the Requerimiento to justify their actions against the indigenous people.

• They claimed legal and religious authority to wage war if Indians refused Christianity.

• They negotiated peaceful trade agreements with the Indians.

• They offered land and resources to the Indians without conditions.

• They sought permission from the Indians before settling new territories.

What was the significance of the Mexica people in the context of the Aztec Empire's history?

• They were the last wave of invaders who established the most powerful state in the Americas after generations of power struggles.

• They were the first indigenous people to encounter Europeans.

• They were responsible for the downfall of the Aztec Empire.

• They were a small tribe that never gained power.

Explain the strategic reasoning behind Cortez seizing Moctezuma and holding him prisoner.

• To gain control over the Aztec people and use Moctezuma as leverage.

• To punish Moctezuma for resisting Spanish rule.

• To protect Moctezuma from his own enemies.

• To force Moctezuma to convert to Christianity.

After the massacre at the religious dance, what was the reaction of the Mexica people towards the Spaniards?

• They surrounded the building and attacked the Spaniards, killing most of them.

• They forgave the Spaniards and allowed them to leave peacefully.

• They negotiated a truce with the Spaniards.

• They joined forces with the Spaniards against Moctezuma.

How did Cortez justify his actions to the king of Spain after regrouping in Tlaxcala?

• He claimed Moctezuma had voluntarily turned his kingdom over to him.

• He admitted to attacking the Aztecs without provocation.

• He stated that he was forced to retreat due to lack of resources.

• He blamed the Tlaxcalans for the conflict.