Understanding Models and Theories in OnRamps Physics

What is a model in physics?

• A physical object used in experiments

• A simplified representation of a system or phenomenon

• A mathematical equation only

• A proven law of nature

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How does a model differ from a theory?

• A model is always correct, a theory is not

• A model is a simplified representation, while a theory explains and predicts phenomena

• A model is more complex than a theory

• There is no difference

What is required for a measurement or observation to be believed in science?

• It must be surprising

• It must satisfy certain criteria

• It must be published in a book

• It must be performed by a famous scientist

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What determines the validity of a scientific theory?

• The number of people who believe it

• Its ability to explain and predict experimental observations

• Its age

• Its complexity

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Can the validity of a model be limited?

• No, it must be universally valid

• Yes, it can be limited to certain conditions

• Only if it is a law

• Only if it is a theory

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Under what circumstances is classical physics a good approximation to modern physics?

• At very high speeds and small scales

• At low speeds and large scales

• Only in quantum mechanics

• Only in relativity

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When is it necessary to use relativistic quantum mechanics?

• For everyday objects at rest

• For systems involving very high speeds and very small scales

• For objects moving slowly

• For macroscopic objects

Can classical physics accurately describe a satellite moving at 7500 m/s?

• Yes, because the speed is much less than the speed of light

• No, because it requires quantum mechanics

• No, because it requires relativity

• Yes, because it is a macroscopic object

What is a theory in science?

• A guess

• A well-substantiated explanation of some aspect of the natural world

• A law

• A measurement

What is required for two theories to be considered equally valid?

• They must be written by the same person

• They must describe experimental observations equally well using accepted logic

• They must be published in the same journal

• They must be simple

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