CH. 26 & 88 Digestive System & Disorders IN BASIC NURSING

DIGESTIVE STSYEM - CHAPTER 26

1. The nurse is reviewing with a client the digestive pathway. The nurse asks the client to place the steps in the correct sequence. Which is correct?
   1. The physical breakdown of food is accomplished by the process of mastication.
   2. The chemical breakdown of food occurs by the release of various enzymes.

   3. The process of churning the food takes place in the pylorus of the stomach.
   4. Absorption of the dissolved molecules occurs in the small intestine. The molecules are then taken into circulation.
   5. Dilution of the food entering the digestive tract is accomplished by water and various enzymes.

• 1, 3, 2, 5, 4

• 2, 4, 3, 5, 1

• 3, 5, 2, 1, 4

• 4, 2, 5, 1, 3

What is the function of the salivary gland?

• It senses the temperature and texture of food and accordingly releases needed saliva.

• Its secretions are mixed with gastric juices and churned until it is in a semiliquid form called chyme.

• It stimulates contractions that results in continuation of the act of swallowing and pushes the food into the esophagus.

• Secretion helps in moistening the food, making it easier to swallow and preventing oral infections.

What are functions of the incisor teeth? Select all that apply.

• Cut food

• Tear food

• Grind food

• Crush food

• Hold food

Which statement describes the process of deglutition?

• Alternate contraction and relaxation of muscles that sends food down through the digestive tube

• Act of chewing

• Process of transferring broken-down food elements into the circulation for transport

• Process of swallowing

Which client diagnosis will result in altered mastication?

• Broken jaw

• Gastric ulcer

• Strep throat

• Nut allergy

Which statement about intrinsic factor is accurate?

• Stimulates the secretion of hydrochloric acid and pepsinogen

• Stimulates the pancreas to secrete enzymes and the gallbladder to release bile

• Produced by the parietal cells in the gastric mucosa

• Secreted by the duodenum and jejunum in response to the presence of fat in the duodenum

What information about the process of digestion is important for the nurse to provide about gastrin? Select all that apply.

• Stimulates the secretion of hydrochloric acid and pepsinogen

• Stimulates the pancreas to secrete enzymes and the gallbladder to release bile

• Produced by the parietal cells in the gastric mucosa

• Secreted by the jejunum in response to the presence of fat in the duodenum

• It is required for the effective absorption of vitamin B12

The client demonstrates understanding when stating that carbohydrates are broken down into what substances? Select all that apply.

• Glycerol

• Amino acid

• Glucose

• Galactose

• Fructose

Damage to what structure of the tooth requires either a root canal procedure or removal of the tooth?

• Crown

• Pulp

• Dentin

• Root

Which enzymes are responsible for facilitating the formation of proteins into amino acids? Select all that apply.

• Pepsin

• Trypsin

• Maltase

• Lactose

• Chymotrypsin