Pharmacology Final Exam Review Part 2

A patient with Addison’s disease is prescribed hydrocortisone. The nurse should teach the patient to:

• Take the medication only when symptoms occur

• Take the medication at the same time each day

• Avoid taking the medication during times of stress

• Double the dose if a dose is missed

The nurse is caring for a patient receiving long-term corticosteroid therapy. Which teaching is most important?

• Increase sodium intake to prevent hypotension

• Discontinue the medication if Cushingoid features appear

• Do not stop the medication abruptly; tapering is required

• Limit potassium-rich foods while on therapy

Which finding indicates Cushing’s syndrome from corticosteroid excess?

• Hypotension and weight loss

• Moon face and truncal obesity

• Hyperpigmentation of the skin

• Low blood glucose

Which electrolyte imbalance is most likely with corticosteroid therapy?

• Hyperkalemia

• Hypokalemia

• Hyponatremia

• Hypocalcemia

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-3

A patient on total parenteral nutrition (TPN) develops sudden shortness of breath and chest pain. The nurse’s priority action is to:

• Assess blood glucose

• Notify the physician

• Place the patient in Trendelenburg and on the left side

• Increase the infusion rate

Which complication is most concerning when caring for a patient receiving TPN?

• Electrolyte imbalance

• Weight gain

• Phlebitis at the IV site

• Infection due to central line use

Why must blood glucose be closely monitored during TPN infusion?

• Because the solution contains high amounts of fat

• Because TPN is a hypertonic glucose solution

• Because TPN contains only amino acids

• Because the lipids are infused separately

When discontinuing TPN abruptly, the patient is at risk for:

• Hypercalcemia

• Hyponatremia

• Hypoglycemia

• Hypermagnesemia

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-3

A nurse is providing education about orlistat for weight management. Which statement by the patient indicates a need for further teaching?

• I should take this medication with meals containing fat.

• I may have oily stools as a side effect.

• I do not need to follow a diet while taking this medication.

• This drug works by decreasing fat absorption.

Which adverse effect is common with phentermine for weight loss?

• Constipation

• Increased heart rate and insomnia

• Excessive drowsiness

• Bradycardia