What is the approximate depth of the Earth's crust?

• 100 kilometers

• 70 kilometers

• 150 kilometers

• 50 kilometers

Which element is crucial in understanding the formation of the Earth?

• Gold

• Iron

• Carbon

• Helium

What is the primary composition of the Earth's outer core?

• Gaseous hydrogen

• Molten lava

• Liquid iron and nickel

• Solid rock

How do scientists gather information about the Earth's mantle?

• Using satellite imagery

• By observing the moon

• Through volcanic activity

• By studying the ocean floor

What type of seismic wave cannot travel through liquids?

• Surface waves

• S waves

• P waves

• Rayleigh waves

In which atmospheric layer does most weather occur?

• Thermosphere

• Troposphere

• Mesosphere

• Stratosphere

What is the role of the ozone layer in the stratosphere?

• It reflects sunlight

• It absorbs and scatters UV radiation

• It produces oxygen

• It traps greenhouse gases

Which layer of the atmosphere is known for burning up meteors?

• Mesosphere

• Troposphere

• Stratosphere

• Exosphere

What percentage of the Earth's atmosphere is made up of nitrogen?

• 78%

• 1%

• 0.04%

• 21%

Which gas is most associated with global warming despite its small percentage in the atmosphere?

• Argon

• Oxygen

• Carbon dioxide

• Nitrogen