What was the primary reason for founding the John Snow Society?

• To create a new medical curriculum

• To improve the condition of the John Snow pub

• To honor John Snow's contributions to epidemiology

• To promote the study of surgery

What is the main mission of the Institute for Healthcare Improvement?

• To develop new surgical techniques

• To improve global health and healthcare quality

• To promote traditional medicine

• To conduct epidemiological research

How did John Snow's approach differ from the Miasma Theory?

• He ignored sanitation issues

• He emphasized waterborne transmission

• He focused on air quality

• He relied on moral judgments

What was William Farr's incorrect conclusion about cholera?

• It was a result of poor diet

• It was spread through direct contact

• It was caused by contaminated water

• It was linked to elevation above the Thames

What was unique about John Snow's use of mapping in epidemiology?

• He used maps to track animal migrations

• He created maps for urban planning

• He mapped disease cases to identify sources

• He used maps to predict weather patterns

What was a limitation of John Snow's study method?

• He ignored historical data

• He relied solely on laboratory tests

• He focused only on rural areas

• He did not consider non-cases as controls

Who played a significant role in interviewing non-cases during the cholera outbreak?

• Don Berwick

• Rosalind Stanwell-Smith

• Reverend Whitehead

• William Farr

What does the term 'shoe-leather epidemiology' refer to?

• Relying on historical records for analysis

• Using digital maps for disease tracking

• Walking around to gather data and observe patterns

• Using advanced technology for data collection

What was a key factor in John Snow's success in identifying the cholera source?

• His reliance on government reports

• His collaboration with international scientists

• His logical reasoning and data collection

• His use of advanced microscopy

What does the coexistence of scientific and nonsensical theories highlight?

• The superiority of modern medicine

• The ongoing challenge of distinguishing valid theories

• The importance of traditional beliefs

• The decline of scientific research