Learning Module

What field of psychology emphasizes observable responses over inner experiences?

• Behaviorist

• Cognitive

• Psychodynamic

• Structuralist

Steven is allergic to cats. He sneezes when his sister brings her stuffed cat into the same room. This is...

• secondary reinforcement

• latent learning

• generalization

• shaping

How can Gary teach himself to be more open to new foods using the behaviorist approach?

• Reward himself every time he tires something new.

• Visualize what a dinner with new foods would be like.

• Force himself to try new foods.

• Go to therapy to discuss his food aversions.

Why are some phobias (like a fear of heights) more common than others?

• biological preparedness

• stimulus discrimination

• stimulus generalization

• observational learning

Bailey is 11 months old and already calling her father "dada." Strangely, she also calls all men she sees "dada" too. Even complete strangers! Why?

• stimulus generalization

• operant conditioning

• classical conditioning

• shaping

How would you describe a person squinting when exposed to bright light?

• conditioned stimulus and conditioned response

• neutral stimulus and conditioned response

• unconditioned stimulus and unconditioned response

• conditioned stimulus and conditioned response

Which is an example of habituation?

• A cat only responding after his owner repeatedly calls his name.

• A cat responding the first time when his name is called but stopping after multiple calls.

• After begging for a treat, continuing to meow.

• Not meowing after not getting a treat.

What is needed for operant conditioning to occur?

• partial reinforcement

• a behavioral consequence

• a stimulus substitution

• spontaneous recovery

Which is an example of a variable-interval schedule?

• Tae texts her boyfriend to ask if he wants to get dinner that evening. She keeps checking to see if he responds, because she doesn't know when he'll answer.

• Ximena responds to surveys because for cash bonuses. She has to complete a certain number of surveys before she gets the money, but the number varies.

• Cody sells cell phones and home internet subscriptions. He gets a bonus for every 5 subscriptions sold.

• Alexander arrives at the bus station each day at 7:00AM. The bus arrives at 7:05 AM.

In Ms. Smith's 2nd grade class students earn tokens for good behavior. When they earn five tokens, they get to visit the treasure chest for a prize. What type of reinforcement is this?

• primary

• secondary

• negative

• aversive