Ecological Principles - Quiz Review

What is respiration in ecological terms?

• Respiration is the intake of oxygen to convert glucose to energy.

• Respiration is the process of plants making food using sunlight.

• Respiration is the movement of water through soil.

• Respiration is the breakdown of rocks by wind.

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What is a pioneer species?

• A pioneer species is the first species to colonize an area in primary succession.

• A pioneer species is the last species to disappear from an ecosystem.

• A pioneer species is a species that only lives in aquatic environments.

• A pioneer species is a species that cannot survive in harsh conditions.

When was the Clean Water and Air Act created?

• The Clean Water and Air Act was created in 1948.

• The Clean Water and Air Act was created in 1965.

• The Clean Water and Air Act was created in 1972.

• The Clean Water and Air Act was created in 1980.

What does NOT influence an organism's niche?

• Commensalism does NOT influence an organism's niche.

• Competition influences an organism's niche.

• Predation influences an organism's niche.

• Availability of resources influences an organism's niche.

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Which organism does NOT conduct nitrogen fixation?

• Humans do NOT conduct nitrogen fixation.

• Rhizobium bacteria

• Cyanobacteria

• Azotobacter

What is the role of nitrogen-fixing bacteria in ecosystems?

• Nitrogen-fixing bacteria convert atmospheric nitrogen into a form that plants can use.

• They break down dead organic matter into carbon dioxide.

• They absorb water and minerals from the soil for plants.

• They produce oxygen through photosynthesis.

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Define primary succession.

• Primary succession is the process of ecological change that occurs in an area where no soil exists, such as after a volcanic eruption.

• Primary succession is the process of ecological change that occurs in an area where soil already exists, such as after a forest fire.

• Primary succession is the process of ecological change that occurs only in aquatic environments.

• Primary succession is the process of ecological change that occurs due to seasonal changes in an established ecosystem.

The significance of keystone species in an ecosystem is that they:

• maintain the structure and balance of the ecosystem

• are always the most numerous species in the ecosystem

• can survive without any other species in the ecosystem

• only affect the abiotic factors of the ecosystem

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The difference between a habitat and a niche is:

• A habitat is where an organism lives, while a niche is the role it plays in its environment.

• A habitat is the food an organism eats, while a niche is its shelter.

• A habitat is the climate of an area, while a niche is the population size.

• A habitat is the migration pattern, while a niche is the breeding season.

Ecological succession is:

• the process by which the structure of a biological community changes over time.

• the movement of animals from one place to another.

• the process of photosynthesis in plants.

• the water cycle in an ecosystem.