ATP and Cellular Energy Processes

Which of the following cellular processes requires ATP?

• Osmosis

• Diffusion

• Active transport

• Facilitated diffusion

What type of biomolecule is ATP classified as?

• Carbohydrate

• Lipid

• Protein

• Nucleic Acid

What are the three main components that make up an ATP molecule?

• Amino acid, sugar, phosphate

• Nitrogenous base, sugar, three phosphates

• Fatty acid, glycerol, phosphate

• Glucose, oxygen, carbon dioxide

How do plants primarily generate ATP?

• By consuming other organisms

• Through cellular respiration, breaking down glucose made from photosynthesis

• By absorbing ATP directly from the soil

• Through fermentation in the absence of oxygen

How do animals primarily generate ATP?

• By performing photosynthesis

• By breaking down glucose they consume

• Through direct absorption of sunlight

• By converting water into energy

When ATP is hydrolyzed, what is released?

• Water

• ADP and energy

• Glucose

• Oxygen

What process provides the energy needed to regenerate ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate?

• Photosynthesis

• Cellular respiration

• Active transport

• Cell signaling

What makes ATP an unstable molecule, allowing it to readily release energy?

• The strong bonds between its phosphate groups

• The negative charges of its phosphate groups, which repel each other

• Its large size compared to other molecules

• Its ability to absorb light energy

How does ATP enable active transport across a cell membrane?

• It directly pushes molecules through the membrane.

• It changes the concentration gradient of molecules.

• It phosphorylates transport proteins, changing their shape and allowing them to move molecules against their concentration gradient.

• It creates new channels in the cell membrane.

What is the term for the process where a phosphate group is transferred from ATP to another molecule, making it more reactive?

• Hydrolysis

• Dehydration synthesis

• Phosphorylation

• Glycolysis