G 11 Biology Diagnostic Test

Is selective breeding an example of biotechnology? Why or why not?

• Yes. Selective breeding involves the application of technology to living things.

• Yes. Selective breeding allows a species to incorporate beneficial genes from another species.

• No. Selective breeding is a process that occurs naturally among plants or animals.

• No. Selective breeding does not involve technical processes that occur in laboratories.

Under which of these conditions would scientists use the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) before they analyze a DNA sample?

• The DNA sample comes from a bacterium or virus.

• The DNA sample has been cut into fragments by restriction enzymes.

• Only a small amount of the DNA sample is available.

• The DNA sample includes regions that are transcribed into mRNA.

Gaia is a prized dairy cow that produces a very large volume of milk. An animal breeder is debating whether to produce clones of Gaia. If the cloning process is successful, which outcome is MOST likely?

• All of the clones have the same gene-controlled traits as Gaia.

• The genes of the clones allow them to produce more milk than Gaia could produce.

• The clones are genetically identical with one another, but not with Gaia.

• The clones are genetically similar with one another and with Gaia, but are not identical.

A forensics expert has obtained a sample of human blood from a crime scene. How can DNA fingerprinting be useful for identifying the person who left the blood at the crime scene?

• by identifying the sequence of nucleotides in the DNA of blood cells

• by comparing DNA from the blood cells with DNA from suspects

• by identifying certain genetically controlled traits of suspects, such as eye shape and blood type

• by comparing karyotypes made from blood cells at the crime scene and blood cells from suspects

Luther Burbank bred potatoes that combined a variety of useful traits. One of Burbank's breeding techniques was hybridization. Which cross of potato plants would have been MOST USEFUL for producing a useful strain by hybridization?

• a disease-resistant plant crossed with a plant that is not disease resistant

• a plant that is not disease resistant crossed with a plant that produces a low volume of food

• a disease-resistant plant crossed with a plant that produced a low volume of food

• a disease-resistant plant crossed with a plant that produced a high volume of food