CH 2: Road to Revolution Review

After Britain defeated France in the French and Indian War, what major challenge remained for the empire?

• Many of its best military leaders had been killed

• The nation owed huge sums of money from war costs

• Native groups kept raiding British settlements

• Colonists stopped purchasing British imports

Answer explanation

After the French and Indian War, Britain faced a significant challenge due to the enormous debt incurred from the conflict. This financial burden impacted its ability to manage and govern its expanded territories effectively.

What was the main impact of the Proclamation of 1763 on the American colonists?

• Colonists were required to trade with tribes in the Ohio Valley

• Britain demanded taxes to build roads in the Appalachians

• Colonists were blocked from moving into western territories

• Colonists had to send militias beyond their borders

Answer explanation

The Proclamation of 1763 primarily blocked colonists from moving into western territories, aiming to stabilize relations with Native Americans and prevent conflicts. This restriction frustrated many colonists seeking land.

Clashes at Fort Loudoun during the French and Indian War reveal tension between settlers and which people?

• The British Army

• The Cherokee Nation

• The French military

• The Spanish settlers

Answer explanation

The clashes at Fort Loudoun during the French and Indian War were primarily between settlers and the Cherokee Nation, highlighting the growing tensions over land and resources in the region.

Which of the following was a direct outcome of the French and Indian War?

• Native American and colonial conflicts ended

• Britain gained land stretching to the Pacific Ocean

• Colonists were authorized to settle the Ohio Valley

• France surrendered its territory in North America

Answer explanation

The French and Indian War resulted in France surrendering its territory in North America, significantly altering the balance of power in the region. This choice directly reflects the war's outcome, unlike the other options.

Why did the Cherokee break their peace with British colonists during the French and Indian War?

• They wanted to avoid taking sides

• They felt Britain failed to protect them from French attacks

• They hoped to gain an advantage over settlers

• Spain’s invasions disrupted the region

Answer explanation

The Cherokee broke their peace with British colonists because they felt that Britain failed to protect them from French attacks during the French and Indian War, leading them to seek their own security.

Why was the French and Indian War a turning point on the road to colonial independence?

• Colonists feared their lands would be seized after Britain lost land

• Britain ended its hands-off policy and taxed colonists to pay military costs

• Colonists feared Spain would take advantage of Britain’s weakness

• Britain encouraged settlers to cross the Appalachians, sparking fights with Native tribes

Answer explanation

The French and Indian War marked a shift as Britain ended its hands-off policy, imposing taxes on the colonies to cover military expenses. This increased tension and resentment, paving the way for colonial independence.

What was one major change in British policy toward the American colonies following the French and Indian War?

• Britain allowed the colonies to form their own armies

• Britain reduced its involvement in colonial affairs

• Britain imposed stricter laws and increased taxation

• Britain granted the colonies full self-government

Answer explanation

Following the French and Indian War, Britain imposed stricter laws and increased taxation on the colonies to help pay off war debts, leading to growing tensions and resistance among colonists.

How did the Proclamation of 1763 attempt to avoid violence with Native Americans?

• By building a shared marketplace for trade

• By forming a military alliance with Native groups

• By relocating Native Americans to Florida

• By banning settlers from moving into western lands

Answer explanation

The Proclamation of 1763 aimed to prevent conflicts by banning settlers from moving into western lands, thereby protecting Native American territories and reducing the likelihood of violence between settlers and Native groups.

By the end of the Seven Years' War in 1763, which country had ceded its territories in Canada to another European power?

• France

• Spain

• Portugal

• Netherlands

Answer explanation

By the end of the Seven Years' War in 1763, France ceded its territories in Canada to Great Britain, marking a significant shift in colonial power in North America.

Why did Benjamin Franklin create the “Join, or Die” cartoon during the Albany Congress?

• To protest British military presence in the colonies

• To promote independence from Britain

• To persuade the colonies to work together for mutual defense

• To encourage colonists to boycott British goods

Answer explanation

Benjamin Franklin created the "Join, or Die" cartoon to persuade the colonies to unite for mutual defense against threats, emphasizing the importance of collaboration during the Albany Congress.