Leadership and Management in Nursing

The leadership style that focuses on shared decision-making and team participation, while still holding the leader accountable for final decisions, is called:

• Autocratic leadership

• Participative (Democratic) leadership

• Transactional leadership

• Bureaucratic leadership

According to Hersey and Blanchard’s Situational Leadership Theory, the best leadership style depends on:

• Leader’s personality

• Follower’s maturity and readiness level

• Hospital policies

• Number of staff

Which management theory emphasizes systematic study of tasks, time-motion studies, and productivity?

• Scientific Management Theory (Frederick Taylor)

• Administrative Theory (Henri Fayol)

• Human Relations Theory (Elton Mayo)

• Systems Theory

Which step in strategic planning involves analyzing internal strengths and weaknesses, and external opportunities and threats?

• Goal setting

• SWOT analysis

• Policy formulation

• Budgeting

Transformational leaders primarily achieve change by:

• Strictly enforcing policies

• Offering rewards for compliance

• Inspiring and motivating followers with a shared vision

• Micromanaging staff performance

In Lewin’s Change Theory, the phase where new behaviors are established and reinforced is called:

• Unfreezing

• Refreezing

• Moving

• Transitioning

Which of the following is a key principle of Total Quality Management (TQM) in nursing?

• Focus only on management-level decisions

• Continuous improvement involving all staff members

• Limiting feedback to quarterly reports

• Ignoring patient feedback

What is the best example of a SMART goal in nursing management?

• Improve patient care soon

• Hire more nurses

• Reduce patient falls by 20% within 6 months

• Train all nurses

A nurse leader who integrates evidence-based practice, innovation, and mentorship is demonstrating:

• Bureaucratic leadership

• Autocratic leadership

• Transformational leadership

• Transactional leadership

Which budgeting method starts with zero allocation and justifies every expense annually?

• Incremental budgeting

• Zero-based budgeting

• Flexible budgeting

• Fixed budgeting