Which approach in psychology emphasizes the collection of data through observation and experimentation?

• Empiricism

• Subjectivism

• Intuitionism

• Rationalism

Which philosopher is known for proposing the concept of dualism, asserting that the mind and body are distinct and separate?

• Immanuel Kant

• John Locke

• Rene Descartes

• David Hume

Who is credited with establishing the first laboratory dedicated to psychological research?

• Sigmund Freud

• Wilhelm Wundt

• William James

• Ivan Pavlov

Which technique did early psychologists like Wundt use to analyze conscious experience?

• Observation

• Introspection

• Functionalism

• Psychoanalysis

Which psychologist is known for emphasizing the adaptive purposes of behavior and is associated with the functionalist school of thought in America?

• Wilhelm Wundt

• William James

• Charles Darwin

• Sigmund Freud

In what way did the approaches of structuralism and functionalism differ in early psychology?

• Structuralism was concerned with the mind's adaptive behaviors, while functionalism analyzed conscious experience.

• Structuralism analyzed the components of mental processes, while functionalism focused on the purposes those processes serve.

• Structuralism emphasized the practical uses of mental processes, while functionalism studied their structure.

• Structuralism and functionalism both focused solely on the unconscious mind.

Which of the following best demonstrates a growth mindset?

• Believing that abilities cannot be changed

• Viewing challenges as opportunities to learn

• Thinking mistakes mean you are not smart

• Preferring to only do things you are already good at

Which of the following is an example of a self-regulation strategy in learning?

• Ignoring feedback from teachers

• Reflecting on what has been learned

• Relying only on memory without notes

• Procrastinating on assignments

Which of the following best describes the role of self-monitoring in achieving academic success?

• By neglecting to review study habits

• By regularly evaluating learning progress and adapting methods

• By refusing to set study goals

• By sticking to ineffective routines

Which of the following is an evidence-based method to enhance retention of studied information?

• Highlighting text

• Watching recorded lectures

• Taking practice quizzes

• Reading summaries