Lesson 5 - The Enlightenment Vocabulary

Rules that govern human behavior and the natural world, believed to be discovered through reason rather than religion or tradition, are called ________.

• Natural Laws

• Divine Commandments

• Social Customs

• Religious Doctrines

An agreement between people and their government in which people give up some freedoms in exchange for protection and order is called a ________.

• Social Contract

• Bill of Rights

• Constitutional Monarchy

• Direct Democracy

Basic rights that all humans are born with, such as life, liberty, and property, are known as ________.

• Natural Rights

• Civil Rights

• Legal Rights

• Political Rights

Thinkers of the Enlightenment who promoted reason, progress, and reform in society, politics, and culture are called ________.

• Philosophe

• Absolutists

• Romantics

• Mercantilists

Enlightenment economists who believed wealth came from agriculture and that economies should follow natural laws are called ________.

• Physiocrat

• Mercantilist

• Keynesian

• Monetarist

The idea that governments should not interfere with business and trade; literally means 'let do' in French, is known as ________.

• Laissez Faire

• Social Contract

• Mercantilism

• Protectionism

An economy where prices and business decisions are determined by supply and demand, not government control, is called a ________.

• Free Market

• Command Economy

• Traditional Economy

• Mixed Economy

The English philosopher who argued that people are born with natural rights and that governments should protect them is ________.

• John Locke

• Thomas Hobbes

• Jean-Jacques Rousseau

• Francis Bacon

The English philosopher who believed people are naturally selfish and need a strong ruler to keep order is ________.

• Thomas Hobbes

• John Locke

• Jean-Jacques Rousseau

• Baron de Montesquieu

The French thinker who believed government power should be divided into three branches to prevent tyranny is ________.

• Montesquieu

• Voltaire

• Rousseau

• Descartes