Chapter 1 Review

When organisms respond to a stimulus within their surroundings, this is based on what characteristic of life?

• Living things reproduce

• Living things grow and develop

• Living things respond to their environment

• Living things obtain and use energy

Charles Darwin and the Galapagos Finches (shown in figure), is based on what characteristic of life?

• Reproduction

• Metabolism

• Evolution (adaptation)

• Homeostasis

Scientific Theory vs. Hypothesis

• A scientific theory is a guess about a phenomenon.

• A scientific theory is a proven fact that cannot change.

• A scientific theory unifies a wide range of observations and hypotheses.

• A scientific theory is the same as a hypothesis.

Cells

• The largest units that can carry out all functions of life.

• The smallest units that can carry out all functions of life.

• The units that can only reproduce.

• The units that can only carry nutrients.

Reproduction

• The process of creating energy from food.

• One or two parents producing the next generation of offspring.

• The act of moving from one place to another.

• The method of storing information in cells.

Control group

• The participant that is exposed to the same conditions as the experimental group except for one independent variable.

• A group that receives no treatment or intervention.

• A group that is exposed to multiple independent variables.

• A group that is only observed without any manipulation.

Scientific Law

• A theory that explains a phenomenon

• An aspect of nature that is often used to make predictions.

• A hypothesis that has been tested multiple times

• A principle that is universally accepted without question.

Dependent variable

• The variable that remains constant throughout the experiment.

• The variable that changes in response to the experiment as is located on the y-axis.

• The variable that is manipulated by the researcher.

• The variable that is measured at the beginning of the experiment.

Scientific Hypothesis

• A theory that cannot be tested

• An educated guess that can be tested by experiments and/or observations

• A proven fact in science

• A random assumption without evidence

Genetic Code

• DNA or RNA that organisms use to store complex information needed for life.

• A sequence of amino acids in a protein.

• The process by which DNA is copied into RNA.

• A type of mutation that affects genetic information.