Water Properties and Molecular Interactions

What characteristic of a water molecule causes it to be polar?

• The equal sharing of electrons between oxygen and hydrogen.

• The slight positive charge on the oxygen atom.

• The slight negative charge on the hydrogen atoms.

• The oxygen atom's strong pull on electrons, creating slight charges.

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NGSS.MS-PS1-1

How do hydrogen bonds form between water molecules?

• Between the oxygen atom of one molecule and the oxygen atom of another.

• Between the hydrogen atom of one molecule and the hydrogen atom of another.

• Between the slightly positive hydrogen of one molecule and the slightly negative oxygen of another.

• Through covalent sharing of electrons between adjacent molecules.

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NGSS.HS-ESS2-5

Which of the following is NOT listed as a unique property of water?

• High heat capacity

• Low surface tension

• Universal solvent

• Cohesion and adhesion

What process allows water to move from the soil to the leaves at the top of a tall tree, despite gravity?

• Photosynthesis

• Respiration

• Transpiration

• Decomposition

What is the primary function of xylem tissue in vascular plants?

• Transporting sugars throughout the plant.

• Providing structural support to the stem.

• Transporting water up through the plant.

• Storing excess nutrients.

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NGSS.MS-LS2-3

What is cohesion in the context of water molecules?

• The attraction between water molecules and other substances.

• The attraction between like molecules sticking together.

• The process of water evaporating from a surface.

• The ability of water to dissolve many substances.

How does cohesion contribute to the high surface tension of water?

• It causes water molecules to repel each other at the surface.

• It allows water to dissolve more substances.

• It pulls surface water molecules downward and inward, forming a 'molecular skin'.

• It increases the rate of evaporation from the surface.

Which of the following animals is mentioned as being able to walk or move on the surface of water due to surface tension?

• Fish

• Ducks

• Water striders

• Frogs

What is adhesion in relation to water?

• Water bonding to itself.

• Water bonding to other molecules or surfaces.

• Water's ability to resist temperature changes.

• Water's tendency to form droplets.

In the 'walking water' experiment, how do water molecules move up the paper towel?

• Through gravity pulling them upwards.

• By evaporating and then condensing on the dry end.

• Water adheres to the paper towel fibers and pulls other water molecules along through cohesion.

• The paper towel actively pumps the water.