RA 9003 requires LGUs to implement segregation at source. If a food-processing plant produces both organic sludge (biodegradable) and polypropylene packaging waste (residual), which engineering-based waste handling method aligns with the Act?

• Composting sludge, incinerating packaging waste

• Composting sludge, upcycling packaging waste into pellets

• Mixing both for landfill disposal

• Storing both in MRF for long-term holding

A landfill leachate test shows high levels of nitrate and heavy metals. Under RA 9003, what engineering design strategy must be prioritized?

• Gas venting system

• Daily soil cover only

• Double-liner with leachate collection system

• Increased landfill height for compaction
  

A municipality proposes to use plastic shredding and pelletizing as a waste diversion technology. Which waste category under RA 9003 does this primarily address?

• Special

• Hazardous

• Biodegradable

• Residual

During composting operations, the temperature of the pile spikes above 75°C. According to engineering principles and RA 9003 requirements, what is the most likely concern?

• Loss of compost nutrients due to volatilization

• Excess methane formation

• Slow microbial activity

• Heavy metal contamination

If an LGU clusters 5 barangays to operate one MRF, what is the most critical design factor to prevent cross-contamination of waste streams?

• Multiple composting piles

• Shared landfill access roads

• Independent collection schedules for each barangay

• Automated weighing systems only

A solid waste collector was found mixing segregated plastics with biodegradables during transfer. Which section of RA 9003 is violated?

• Section 16 (SWM Plans)

• Section 21 (Mandatory Segregation at Source)

• Section 23 (Collection Requirements)

• Section 37 (Dumpsite Closure)

RA 9003 prohibits incineration. Which of the following thermal processes can still be legally applied by Chemical Engineers for waste-to-energy conversion?

• Mass burn combustion

• Controlled pyrolysis with material recovery

• Open burning of biomass

• Municipal incinerators for plastics

An industrial facility is planning to dispose of its broken mercury lamps along with mixed municipal waste. Which waste category is violated under RA 9003?

• Residual

• Recyclable

• Biodegradable

• Special

A composting facility is located near a river. What engineering safeguard must be prioritized to comply with RA 9003?

• Odor control through activated carbon filters

• Regular training of personnel only

• Leachate and drainage control to prevent water contamination

• Taller composting piles to reduce footprint

Which of the following waste management options is most aligned with RA 9003’s waste hierarchy for a soft drink bottling plant generating broken glass bottles?

• Landfill disposal

• Crushing for reuse in glass production

• Composting in piles

• Controlled dumpsite