Quiz about X-ray production

Question 1

What are the two main components of an atom's nucleus?

Accepted Answer

Protons and neutrons

Answer

Electrons and protons

Answer

Neutrons and electrons

Answer

Protons and photons

Question 2

What particles are found in the orbitals of an atom?

Accepted Answer

Electrons

Answer

Protons

Answer

Neutrons

Answer

Quarks

Question 3

Atomic number equals the number of ______ in the nucleus.

Accepted Answer

protons

Answer

neutrons

Answer

electrons

Answer

quarks

Question 4

Atomic mass equals the sum of the ______ and ______ in the nucleus.

Accepted Answer

protons, neutrons

Answer

electrons, protons

Answer

neutrons, electrons

Answer

protons, electrons

Question 5

How are electrons organized in an atom?

Accepted Answer

Into shells

Answer

Randomly scattered

Answer

In a straight line

Answer

Grouped at the nucleus

Question 6

Which of the following is the name of the first orbital shell in an atom?

Accepted Answer

K-shell

Answer

L-shell

Answer

M-shell

Answer

N-shell

Question 7

What holds electrons in orbit around the nucleus?

Accepted Answer

Electron binding energy (EBE)

Answer

Gravitational force

Answer

Neutron repulsion

Answer

Magnetic attraction

Question 8

According to the information provided, what is one factor that the strength of the Electron Binding Energy (EBE) depends on?

Accepted Answer

Location of the electron

Answer

Temperature of the atom

Answer

Color of the atom

Answer

Shape of the nucleus

Question 9

K-shell electrons have more Electron Binding Energy (EBE) than M-shell electrons because they are closer to the nucleus.

Accepted Answer

True

Answer

False

Question 10

Fill in the blank: Atoms with higher atomic numbers will have _______ Electron Binding Energy (EBE).

Accepted Answer

stronger

Answer

weaker

Answer

unchanged

Answer

random

Question 11

Which atom will have greater Electron Binding Energy (EBE): a tungsten atom (Z=74) or a hydrogen atom (Z=1)?

Accepted Answer

A tungsten atom (Z=74) will have greater EBE than a hydrogen atom (Z=1).

Answer

A hydrogen atom (Z=1) will have greater EBE than a tungsten atom (Z=74).

Answer

Both atoms will have the same EBE.

Answer

Neither atom has any EBE.

Question 12

What does the valence number represent in an atom?

Accepted Answer

The number of electrons in the last orbital shell.

Answer

The number of protons in the nucleus.

Answer

The total number of neutrons in the atom.

Answer

The atomic mass of the element.

Question 13

Where are x-rays produced in the x-ray room?

Accepted Answer

X-ray tube

Answer

Control panel

Answer

Lead apron

Answer

Waiting area

Question 14

Name a component of the x-ray tube: ________ (Hint: It is the outer covering of the tube)

Accepted Answer

Glass tube or envelope

Answer

Filament

Answer

Anode

Answer

Cathode

Question 15

Name a component of the x-ray tube: ________ (Hint: It is responsible for emitting electrons)

Accepted Answer

Hot filament or cathode assembly

Answer

Glass envelope

Answer

Rotating anode

Answer

Lead shielding

Question 16

Name a component of the x-ray tube: ________

Accepted Answer

Target or anode assembly

Answer

Transformer coil

Answer

Cooling fan

Answer

Light bulb

Question 17

Which of the following is necessary for the operation of an x-ray tube?

Accepted Answer

Potential difference

Answer

Magnetic field

Answer

Cooling fan

Answer

Light source

Question 18

What is the function of the glass tube or glass envelope in an X-ray tube?

Accepted Answer

It acts as a vacuum tube, prevents collision of electrons with air molecules, and increases the life of the tube by preventing oxidation of the filament.

Answer

It focuses the X-rays into a narrow beam for better imaging.

Answer

It serves as a cooling system to dissipate heat generated during X-ray production.

Answer

It amplifies the X-ray signal for clearer images.

Question 19

The glass tube in an X-ray tube prevents collision of electrons with ________.

Accepted Answer

air molecules

Answer

photons

Answer

protons

Answer

neutrons

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT a function of the glass tube in an X-ray tube?

Accepted Answer

Increases oxidation of the filament

Answer

Acts as a vacuum tube

Answer

Prevents collision of electrons with air molecules

Answer

Increases life of the tube

Question 21

The hot filament or cathode in an X-ray tube is:

Accepted Answer

Negatively charged

Answer

Positively charged

Answer

Neutral

Answer

Not charged

Question 22

What happens to the hot filament or cathode in an X-ray tube when it is heated up?

Accepted Answer

It produces electrons.

Answer

It emits X-rays directly.

Answer

It absorbs all energy.

Answer

It cools down rapidly.

Question 23

What is the charge of the target or anode assembly in an X-ray tube?

Accepted Answer

Positively charged

Answer

Negatively charged

Answer

Neutral

Answer

Alternating charge

Question 24

In an X-ray tube, electrons interact with the _______ to produce x-rays.

Accepted Answer

target material

Answer

glass envelope

Answer

filament

Answer

cooling fan

Question 25

What does the potential difference in an X-ray tube provide?

Accepted Answer

The kilovolt potential difference between cathode and anode

Answer

The current for the filament

Answer

The vacuum inside the tube

Answer

The cooling for the anode

Question 26

What is the process called when heating of the filament causes electrons to boil off its surface in x-ray production?

Accepted Answer

Thermionic Emission

Answer

Photoelectric Effect

Answer

Compton Scattering

Answer

Bremsstrahlung

Question 27

How many amperes of current are required for thermionic emission in x-ray production?

Accepted Answer

4-6 amperes

Answer

0.1-0.5 amperes

Answer

10-12 amperes

Answer

1-2 amperes

Question 28

What is the function of the focusing cup in x-ray production?

Accepted Answer

It surrounds the filament and maintains a concentrated stream of electrons from the filament to the target or anode.

Answer

It increases the energy of the x-ray photons produced.

Answer

It cools down the anode after x-ray production.

Answer

It absorbs scattered radiation within the x-ray tube.

Question 29

The focusing cup in x-ray production is negatively charged and made from which materials?

Accepted Answer

Nickel or Molybdenum

Answer

Copper

Answer

Tungsten

Answer

Lead

Question 30

In x-ray production, which end of the tube is the high electrical potential applied to?

Accepted Answer

The cathode end

Answer

The anode end

Answer

The filament end

Answer

The grid end

Question 31

In x-ray production, the cathode is ______ charged and the anode is ______ charged.

Accepted Answer

negatively, positively

Answer

positively, negatively

Answer

positively, positively

Answer

negatively, negatively

Question 32

What percentage of the interaction results in the production of x-rays when high speed electrons strike the target area on the anode?

Accepted Answer

1%

Answer

10%

Answer

50%

Answer

100%

Question 33

Look at the diagram. Which part is labeled as 'Vacuum Tube'?

Accepted Answer

The outer glass enclosure

Answer

The inner filament

Answer

The metal plate

Answer

The wire connections

Question 34

Look at the diagram. Which part is labeled as 'Cathode'?

Accepted Answer

The heated filament

Answer

The outer glass enclosure

Answer

The metal plate

Answer

The wire connections

Question 35

Look at the diagram. Which part is labeled as 'Anode'?

Accepted Answer

The metal plate

Answer

The outer glass enclosure

Answer

The heated filament

Answer

The wire connections

Question 36

In the diagram, what is shown by the yellow dashed lines?

Accepted Answer

The path of rays or electrons emitted from the cathode towards the anode.

Answer

The direction of current flow in the external circuit.

Answer

The magnetic field lines around the apparatus.

Answer

The movement of ions in the electrolyte.

Question 37

What material is the anode generally made from?

Accepted Answer

Tungsten

Answer

Copper

Answer

Silver

Answer

Gold

Question 38

When electrons strike the tungsten atoms in the anode, two processes can occur to create x-rays. Name one of these processes.

Accepted Answer

Bremsstrahlung interaction or Characteristic interactions

Answer

Photoelectric effect

Answer

Compton scattering

Answer

Auger effect

Question 39

Which of the following is NOT a process that occurs when electrons strike tungsten atoms to create x-rays?

Accepted Answer

Photosynthesis

Answer

Bremsstrahlung interaction

Answer

Characteristic interactions

Answer

Both A and B

Question 40

Fill in the blank: The anode is generally made from _______.

Accepted Answer

tungsten

Answer

copper

Answer

aluminum

Answer

iron

Question 41

What is the German word for braking/stopping?

Accepted Answer

Brems

Answer

Strahlung

Answer

Photon

Answer

Tungsten

Question 42

What is the German word for radiation?

Accepted Answer

Strahlung

Answer

Brems

Answer

Electron

Answer

Nucleus

Question 43

Bremsstrahlung interactions occur when the negatively charged electron interacts with the positively charged nucleus of a ______ atom in the target.

Accepted Answer

tungsten

Answer

carbon

Answer

hydrogen

Answer

oxygen

Question 44

Which of the following is NOT a process the electron undergoes during Bremsstrahlung interactions?

Accepted Answer

C) Gains energy

Answer

A) Slows down

Answer

B) Changes direction

Answer

D) Loses some of its energy

Question 45

The energy that is lost when the electron changes direction results in the emission of a ______ x-ray photon.

Accepted Answer

bremsstrahlung

Answer

characteristic

Answer

photoelectric

Answer

Compton

Question 46

How much energy is lost during Bremsstrahlung interactions depends on the severity of the ______ change.

Accepted Answer

directional

Answer

temperature

Answer

pressure

Answer

velocity

Question 47

Bremsstrahlung Interactions: The closer to the nucleus, the more the electron is ________.

Accepted Answer

slowed

Answer

accelerated

Answer

ionized

Answer

repelled

Question 48

Bremsstrahlung Interactions: The energy lost is converted to ________ photon.

Accepted Answer

x-ray

Answer

gamma-ray

Answer

ultraviolet

Answer

infrared

Question 49

The energy of the x-ray photon is equal to the difference between the ________ and ________ energy of the electron.

Accepted Answer

entering; exiting

Answer

exiting; entering

Answer

initial; average

Answer

final; maximum

Question 50

If the incident electron strikes the nucleus of the tungsten atom, it loses all of its energy and produces the ________ energy x-ray. (Dependent upon kVp selection)

Accepted Answer

maximum

Answer

minimum

Answer

average

Answer

moderate

Question 51

Brems interactions are:

Accepted Answer

Heterogenous and polyenergetic

Answer

Homogenous and monoenergetic

Answer

Homogenous and polyenergetic

Answer

Heterogenous and monoenergetic

Question 52

A single electron can cause numerous ________ interactions.

Accepted Answer

brems

Answer

photoelectric

Answer

Compton

Answer

pair production

Question 53

Which of the following is dependent upon kVp selection in Bremsstrahlung interactions?

Accepted Answer

The maximum energy x-ray produced

Answer

The number of incident electrons

Answer

The type of atom

Answer

The number of nuclei

Question 54

Fill in the blank: Incident electron interacts with the inner shell electron and ______ it from the shell.

Accepted Answer

ejects

Answer

attracts

Answer

binds

Answer

shares

Question 55

Fill in the blank: The inner shell vacancy is filled by an ______ shell electron.

Accepted Answer

outer

Answer

same

Answer

lower

Answer

core

Question 56

From which orbital shells can the electron be supplied to fill the inner shell vacancy in a tungsten atom?

Accepted Answer

L, M, N, O, or P

Answer

S, T, U, V, or W

Answer

A, B, C, D, or E

Answer

X, Y, Z, W, or Q

Question 57

The incident electron must have more energy than the EBE of the inner shell electron to eject it.

Accepted Answer

True

Answer

False

Question 58

Fill in the blank: When the outer shell electron fills in the inner shell, an ______ is produced.

Accepted Answer

x-ray photon

Answer

alpha particle

Answer

neutron

Answer

gamma ray

Question 59

What is the energy of the x-ray photon equal to? Fill in the blank: The energy of the x-ray photon is equal to ________.

Accepted Answer

the difference between the EBEs of the orbital shells that contained the vacancy and the orbital shell that filled the vacancy.

Answer

the sum of the atomic numbers of the two shells involved.

Answer

the product of the wavelengths of the two shells involved.

Answer

the average energy of all electrons in the atom.

Question 60

Which x-ray shell is diagnostically useful?

Accepted Answer

K-shell

Answer

L-shell

Answer

M-shell

Answer

N-shell

Question 61

What is the EBE of the K-shell of a tungsten atom? Fill in the blank: The K-shell of tungsten atom has an EBE of ____ keV.

Accepted Answer

69.5

Answer

12.1

Answer

33.2

Answer

85.0

Question 62

What is the EBE of the L-shell of a tungsten atom? Fill in the blank: The L-shell of tungsten atom has an EBE of ____ keV.

Accepted Answer

12.1

Answer

8.6

Answer

15.7

Answer

10.2

Question 63

What is the EBE of the M-shell of a tungsten atom? Fill in the blank: The M-shell of tungsten atom has an EBE of ____ keV.

Accepted Answer

2.8

Answer

1.2

Answer

5.0

Answer

0.7

Question 64

What is kV (kilovolt) a unit of?

Accepted Answer

Potential difference

Answer

Current

Answer

Resistance

Answer

Power

X-ray production

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